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  • 學位論文

利用光流偵測停車空間與模糊控制決策實現自動倒車入庫系統

Automatic Garage-Parking System Implemented by Optical Flow Applied to Parking Space Detection and Fuzzy Control Decision

指導教授 : 駱榮欽

摘要


本論文中,我們提出了一個新的停車空間偵測法,首先利用車輛四周的廣角攝影機所拍攝到的四張影像,經由空間域轉換包含攝影機校正及鳥瞰轉換所構成完整的環場影像,同時利用霍夫轉換找到停車格的參考線而且根據光流點的數量來判斷是否為停車空間。一旦停車空間是有效的,我們可以進一步得到車子與停車空間之距離而且經由環場影像中的參考線來估測車身角度。使用上述所提到的距離與角度資訊輸入至模糊推論引擎控制車輛轉向角,然後車輛行駛四分之一圓弧線和一條直線的軌跡,最後,完成自動倒車入庫之工作。

並列摘要


In this paper, we proposed a new method to detect parking space. First, we used four wide angle cameras around the vehicle to capture four images, through the spatial domain transformation which includes camera calibration and bird’s-eye views to construct a completely panoramic image of the vehicle surroundings; meanwhile, using Hough transform to find the reference line of parking space and according to the number of optical flow points to judge whether it is a parking space or not. Once a parking space is available, we can further get the distance between parking space and vehicle and also estimate the angle of vehicle via a reference line on the surround image. After feeding the distance and angle information mentioned above to the fuzzy inference engine which is used to control the steering angle of the vehicle, and we can move the vehicle to follow a trajectory consisting of a quarter-circle arc and a straight line, and then finish the automatic garage-parking task.

參考文獻


[1] 黃義文, 應用自組織模糊控制器於自動路邊停車之設計,國立臺北科技大學車輛工程系碩士班,台北,2009.
[2] 廖育聖,以對應點為基礎應用立體視覺之自動停車系統,碩士論文,國立臺北科技大學車輛工程系碩士班,台北,2008.
[18] 洪肇澤,利用調整光流法進行障礙物偵測基於逆透視轉換運用於行車安全,碩士論文,國立臺北科技大學電腦與通訊研究所,台北,2012.
[3] Oliver Buhler, Joachim Wegener, "Automatic Testing of an Autonomous Parking System using Evolutionary Computation," 2004 SAE International
[4] 林敬達,以模糊理論為基礎實現智慧型輪椅機器人之自動停車設計,碩士論文,國立交通大學電機與控制工程學系碩士班,新竹,2009.

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