- 學位論文
生質柴油的碳組成對柴油引擎影響之研究
The Study of the Effect of Carbon Composition of Bio-Diesel Fuels in a Diesel Engine
摘要
生質柴油與石化柴油燃料性質相近，因此，無需對原柴油引擎的任何參數做修改或部分修改即可直接使用，故適合做為石化柴油的替代燃料。一般生質柴油的碳組成主要是分布在各種不同的脂肪酸上，而碳組成中除有不同的含碳量外，又有碳鏈長度以及飽和或非飽和的碳鍵存在。通常不同料源所製成的生質柴油中，其脂肪酸組成亦有所不同，又碳組成亦有所差異，這些將影響引擎的性能、油耗和廢氣排放以及排氣溫度。因此，本研究運用不同的植物性油脂製成八種不同料源的生質柴油做一比較，經柴油引擎實驗結果顯示，碳鏈長度較短且飽和碳鍵較多的生質柴油，由於燃燒速度均勻緩和，使預混合燃燒時期延後，又燃燒較為完全，致後燃時期之熱釋放率較不活躍，故在廢氣排放中的smoke、HC和NOX等濃度以及排氣溫度都能有效的明顯減低，且引擎性能的表現亦達相當水平。
並列摘要
The fuel properties of biodiesel and fossil diesel are similar. The parameter of biodiesel can be directly used without any modification, so it is suitable for the use as the substitute fuel of fossil diesel. The carbon of biodiesel mainly distributes in each different kind of fatty acid, and the carbon composition includes different carbon contents, carbon chain lengths, and saturated or unsaturated carbon bonds. biodiesel made of different raw materials has different fatty acid and carbon composition, which will affect engine performance, fuel consumption, the exhaust emissions and the exhaust gas temperature. Therefore, this study utilized different vegetative oil to produce eight kinds of sources of raw materials and make a comparison among them. Due to the average speed of combustion relaxes evenly, and want the premixed combustion phase to postpone and the combustion is completer, so the heat release rate of the late combustion phase is less drastic. As a result of the result shows that biodiesel with shorter carbon chain lengths and more saturated carbon bond can efficiently reduce exhaust emission, smoke, HC, NOX, and exhaust gas temperature. The engine performance is also quite satisfying.