建築空調系統冰水主機水側污垢耗能實務分析

A Practical Analysis in Energy Consumption for Fouling HVAC-System Chiller

王文忠(Wen-Chung Wang)

指導教授 ： 卓清松

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/冷凍空調工程系所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

熱交換器為能量轉換系統中使用最廣泛的單元設備之一，但在實際運轉一段時間後，很多熱交換器都存在著不同的污垢問題。污垢的存在，使熱交換器的傳熱能力降低，流體動阻力增力，這些沈積物會隨時間成長而逐漸降低熱交換器的設備性能，污垢為熱交換器設計及維護保養的一個重要課題，由於熱交換器的結垢不僅牽涉到能量、動量和物質的傳遞過程，而且是涉及到化學反應等多種複雜因素的物理與化學變化的過程，目前還無法藉由嚴格的理論分析來提出一個普遍適用的模式去描述結垢過程；本文即針對冰水主機之冷凝器與蒸發器探討與研究，以理論分析污垢因子、水側溫度變化對於冰水主機運轉效率之影響，並以經ARI認證合格之某冰水主機原廠電腦選機軟體來模擬結垢實際狀況，分析探討計算數據給予一些污垢資訊，以提供設計者及設備維護操作者使用，本研究發現有效的控制熱交換器結垢成長及降低冷卻水側溫度或提升冰水側溫度時，都能使冰水主機運轉效率提升，減少能源的浪費；而實際的應用，在管理空調冰水系統運轉時若能抑制熱交器結垢或調整冷凝器與蒸發器之水側溫度來達到降低運轉成本的目標。

關鍵字

污垢因子 ； 冰水主機耗能 ； 殼管式熱交換器

並列摘要

The Tubed Heat Exchanger has the most application units in an energy transfer system. Fouling Factor is the different fouling situation inside the heat exchanger, when it has operated for a period of time. The fouling will reduce the conduction ability, increase the fluid resistance; these will damage the equipment more as time goes by. [Fouling Factor] becomes the big issue for design and maintenance because the heat exchanger is combined with the transfer of energy, motive power, materials, chemical reactions, and physical variances. At present, people cannot figure out or explain the formula to describe the processing of fouling. In this article we will be doing the research and exploration for Evap. Cond. to analyze the impact with water tempurature changes and running efficiency. All reference data is coming from an ARI certified program is used to simulate the supposed situations. It is expected to provide designers and operators understanding if Evap. leaving water temperature increase or Cond. entering water decrease, the efficiency of chiller will go higher, and decrease the waste of energy. The realized applications, to manage the HVAC system eliminate the fouling factor or adjust the setpoints of Evap. and Cond. will save cost.

並列關鍵字

Fouling Factor ； Chiller Efficiency ； Shell-and-Tubed Heat Exchanger

參考文獻

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