- 學位論文
交流主線列車動態電力特性分析
Analysis of AC Mainline Railroad Train Dynamic Power Characteristics
摘要
本論文研究交流主線鐵路列車之動態供電需求與品質特性研究，目的在探討電氣化主線鐵路列車運行時供電系統的耗電量與諧波量隨列車動態的變化，以建立交流列車在不同軌道路況與速度運轉時的電力需求與電力品質特性。 為取得電氣化主線鐵路列車運行時的列車動態電力特性，我們針對列車行進時動態與電力特性做同步精確記錄。動態性能包括列車速度、牽引力等物理量；電力特性數據包括列車耗電量、諧波成分含量、功率因數等特性數據。我們以台鐵推拉式列車為實例，利用列車內建的監測介面擷取列車速度、牽引力等動態性能，再使用攜帶式電力品質分析儀同步量測電壓、電流等電氣特性，以取得電化主線鐵路的列車動態與電力特性。 我們於推拉式列車上進行多次列車動態電力特性數據量測，擷取極為豐富的資料，經翔實整理與分析，建立列車動態電力特性相關曲線。台鐵電氣化迄今二十餘年，關於電力列車運轉部分技術仍停滯於1970年代水準，以列車動態電力技術為例，仍然沿用當初單一典型數值，而由本研究成果顯示，列車動態電力特性如功率因數、運轉效率、總諧波畸變因數等數值會隨著列車於不同運轉狀態的變異甚大，例如功率因數變動範圍是30%~80%變異很大，如以典型數據推算耗能會有很大的誤差，其餘電力特性亦類似。因此，本研究成果可提供台鐵所欠缺翔實且精確的列車動態電力特性數值，更可成為列車供電分析的基礎。
並列摘要
In this paper, we study AC mainline rail train dynamic power demand and power quality characteristics. We investigate dynamic power consumption and harmonic electrified contents of mainline rail train in various operating conditions. The purpose is to establish train power characteristics in various speeds. We take synchronous measurements of train dynamic performance and power characteristics to obtain detailed train dynamic power characteristics. We choose Taiwan Railroad Administration’s push-pull trains as study example. Our investigation contain train dynamic performance, train speed and traction effort, and power characteristics, power consumption, harmonic contents, and power factor. We used push-pull train’s build-in interface to obtain train dynamic performance and apply portable power quality analyzer to capture power characteristics to build dynamic power characteristics. We have massive power characteristics data in multiple measurements on TRA’s push-pull trains. Then, we established dynamic power characteristics curve by detailed and accurate sorting. TRA upgraded traction system into AC electrified rail system more than 20-year up to now. On some electrified train operating technique still stay in 1970s such as power characteristics. It is dynamic but not one typical value. Actually, according to our research shows power characteristics as power factor, operating efficiency, and total harmonic distortion dynamic vary in various operating conditions. Therefore, the real power factor is with variation on 30~80% not a typical vale. More, this typical value may conduct inaccuracy computation on power consumption, and the other power characteristics are the same as power factor. Hence, our research result provided the critically needed for accurate train dynamic power characteristics for Taiwan’s AC electrified mainline railroad.