臺鐵變電站諧波改善之研究

Improvement of Harmonics for Taiwan Railway Substation

楊金勝(Chin-Sheng Yang)

指導教授 ： 李清吟

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/電機工程系所/碩士(2003年)

摘要

電力系統中有非線性元件負載，即使供電電壓為正弦波形，其電流波形也將偏離正弦波形發生失真，大量大功率的非線性元件負載是引起電力系統電流和電壓產生失真的主因。臺鐵變電站之諧波源大部份是來自電力機車頭之整流（轉換）設備產生相位失真及波形失真，相位失真需由虛功\\\補償，波形失真需諧波改善，使變電站之諧波成份及功率因數達到臺電的「管制標準」及維護變電站設備不遭受諧波影響而損壞。臺鐵電氣化鐵路之負載是快速頻繁變化的，加上電力機車型式種類多(PP、EMU、GEC及GE)，因此諧波複雜，負載電流變化激烈，負載所產生之諧波電流以第3次及第5次諧波量所佔成份較大。本文針對第3次及第5次諧波利用被動式濾波器加以改善，此濾波器除可濾除諧波降低諧波污染外，同時也提供了視在功率，對系統的功\\\率因數作視在功率的虛功\\\補償。設計雙調諧諧波濾波器各參數，在確定系統和諧波源的條件下，使於責任分界點注入系統各次諧波電流及總諧波電流失真率降至管制限制值以下，同時考慮未來北部都會鐵路捷運化負載大量的增加時，能滿足虛功補償容量使功\\\率因數達到要求，避免串並聯共振，並保證裝置安全可靠滿足運轉條件和符合經濟效益。

關鍵字

鐵路電氣化系統 ； Le Blanc變壓器 ； 諧波濾波器

並列摘要

The load of nonlinear element existed in a power system would caused current waveforms diverged from sine wave and distortion even if the power supply voltage is perfect sine wave. The large quantity of high power nonlinear loads in a power system is the major source which caused current and voltage distortion. The harmonic source from TRA(Taiwan Railways Administration) Power Substation almost caused by the rectify devices(such as Inverter) fixed on the electric locomotives which would caused phase sway and waveform distortion. The substation equipped with filter devices compensation for the phase sway and improvement in the waveform distortion, the component of harmonic and power factor will corresponding with “Control & Restraint standard” of TPC(Tai­Power Company) requirement. The load of Electrification Railway is violent change in moment, the different types of electric locomotive( such as PP, EMU, GEC and GE) make the harmonic more complicated. The violent change of load current is the main source of 3th and 5th order harmonic components. This thesis is aimed at improvement of utilize passive harmonic filter for 3th and 5th order harmonic. The filter devices is to eliminate the harmonics in system and decrease harmonics pollution, to produce for compensate system power factor. Based on the requirement of identify system and harmonic source to design the parameters of double tuned harmonic filter. By inject each order harmonic current and total amount of harmonic current from PCC(point of common coupling) to the system, then check and measure to improve the distortion under requirement of TPC. When north city mass rapid transit of TRA, put into operation in future, the load will increase. The substation system should able to satisfy the compensate capacity requirements, avoid system from series/parallel resonant, and guarantee the system under safety operation, to correspond with economical profit.

並列關鍵字

Railway Electrification System ； Le Blanc Transformer ； Harmonic Filter

參考文獻

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