無線感測網路中使用代理節點改善能量洞問題

Agent Nodes Improve the Energy Hole Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks

劉政旺(Zheng-Wong Liu)

指導教授 ： 段裘慶

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電腦與通訊研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2008.00343

摘要

無線感測網路是由許多微小的無線感測節點所組成。其具有自我組織能力，對於鄰近的無線感測節點可以相互通訊，連結形成無線感測網路。能量洞問題為在資料收集點周圍之無線感測節點，因頻繁轉送其他節點資料至資料收集點，使得這些無線感測節點電量快速耗盡而失效，導致感測節點無法再將資料傳送至資料收集點，造成無線感測網路失去其功能的窘境。
本文提出於無線感測網路中加入代理節點的方式，即在資料收集點部署少量代理節點，其不負責感測環境的工作，而專職於轉送一般無線感測節點所監測的資料。即將資料收集點周圍感測節點之轉送工作，改轉移到代理節點上，位在代理節點所涵蓋範圍內的感測節點，將免於負擔轉送資料的工作，藉此減輕資料收集點周圍感測節點的電能消耗，進而延長無線感測網路的存活時間。
經由模擬實驗結果得知，代理節點的部署數量為6個，其拓墣為正6角形、部署於距資料收集點2個跳躍點處、初始電能設為感測節點的4倍，則無線感測網路可存活時間延長了2倍，達成延長整個無線感測網路生命週期之目的。

關鍵字

無線感測網路 ； 能量洞問題 ； 代理節點 ； 資料收集點

並列摘要

Wireless sensor networks (WSN), composed of many tiny wireless sensor nodes (SNs), are capable of self-organization. SNs can communicate with neighboring SNs; therefore, forms the wireless sensor networks. While deploying a large number of SNs in WSN, the sensord data from the outer SNs are frequently forwarded by the inner SNs to the Sink, This forwarding way will introduce the energy hole problem. As a result, SNs not send any data to the Sink, then cause the WSN to failure.
We proposed a poliey to deploy some Agent Nodes(ANs) around the sink. ANs are not responsible for sensing data; only for forwarding the monitored data from SNs to the Sink. On other words, SNs in the range of ANs need not to forward data; thus SNs around the Sink can reduce the power consumption.
The experimental results show that the power consumption of SNs could be equally distributed under deploying six ANs which are 2 hops away from the Sink. The toplogy of six ANs is hexagonal, and the initial energy of an AN were 4 times more than that of an SN. Based on the above consumption, the lifetime of WSN was prolonged double to meet the purpose of extending the lifetime of SNs in WSN.

並列關鍵字

Wireless Sensor Network ； energy hole problem ； Agent Node ； Sink

參考文獻

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