室內無線通訊系統基地台配置之軟體開發

近年來無線通訊系統的應用逐漸增加，特別是人口密集的大樓裡，所以室內基地站台配置是重要且複雜的問題。在本論文中，吾人以Borland C++ Builder來開發一套室內無線通訊系統基地台配置軟體。要解決大樓內部與高層樓訊號覆蓋問題，最好的方法是建置室內發射天線，而系統設計者通常以經驗來判斷天線放置的位置，造成某區堿收不到訊號，或者某區訊號過強而干擾另一區，因此，本軟體提供可由系統設計者繪出大樓平面圖，再依天線放置的位置，搭配天線的型式、增益及電波傳波模型，預估出室內場強大小，做為擺放天線依據。此方法亦可用在無線區堿網路(WLAN)上，模擬無線接取設備(AP)在室內環境下的場強大小，再經由轉換可得傳輸速率(Throughput)及平均速率。 AP的配置是WLAN中重要且複雜的問題，為了達到較佳的AP配置，系統設計者依軟體繪出室內環境、設定傳輸速率及涵蓋率，再搭配電波傳播模型及簡單的基因演算法完成WLAN系統的AP最佳化位置及數量，其中基因演算法考慮的參數包括AP數量、AP位置、傳輸速率、平均速率、涵蓋率等，最後將得到一個符合系統設計者所定條件AP位置及數量。最後，由於天線的有效功率(ERP)是由室外基地台扣除纜線及分功器損失所得，因此，本軟體提供可由系統設計者繪出纜線及分功器，使得天線的ERP更為接近實際值。另一方面，由於如果系統設計者設計多層樓之室內天線，將使得配線更加複雜且費時，因此，本軟體亦提供自動配線功能，只要系統設計者設定好天線、管道間、室外基地台的位置，就可自動連結，使得配線更加簡單且省時。

關鍵字

場強；傳輸速率；基因演算法；有效功率

並列摘要

Recently, the applications of wireless communication system have been increased, especially in populous buildings. Therefore, the deployment of indoor base stations became an important and complex issue. In this thesis, we develop a suite of software for planning the base stations of indoor wireless communication system using Borland C++ Builder. To solve the problem of coverage in high-story building, the best way is to deploy the distributing antennas inside the building. System designers usually determine the deployment of the antennas by their experience which causes the signal break off in some areas or the signal is spoilt by interference from other base stations. The proposed software platform can decide the better placement, types and gains of the antennas based on the layout of the building. Also, it can predict the signal strength in indoor environment using the appropriate propagation models. Besides, the proposed method can also be applied to predict the coverage and data throughput of the indoor WLAN system. The AP deployment is an important issue in WLAN system. In order to select the best AP location and number of AP, this software platform uses simple generic algorithm to perform better AP deployment according to the indoor environment layout, transmission data rate and required coverage. The parameters used in the generic algorithm(GA) include number of AP, location of AP, transmission data rate, average data rate and coverage. By performing the GA, this software platform can find a solution of AP deployment to satisfy the designer’s requirements. The developed software platform can also provide the power line deployment. The ERP of an antenna is effect by cable loss and splitter loss. Utilizing the software platform, ERP of the antennas can more close to practical value. In addition, if system designer want to design multi-floor antennas in the building which may cause complex and time-consuming. Therefore, this software platform also provides auto layout function. The system engineer can only adjust the antennas pattern, pipeline and the location of the outdoor base station, the software can automatic perform the cable connection layout to reduce complexity and saving time.

並列關鍵字

Strength ； Throughput ； Generic algorithm ； ERP

參考文獻

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室內無線通訊系統基地台配置之軟體開發

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