ETAP軟體應用於石化廠供電系統之分析

Application of ETAP Software Program to Petrochemistry Power System Analysis.

李易書(I-SHU LEE)

指導教授 ： 龍仁光

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電資碩士班/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本論文說明了石化廠的供電系統與相關理論基礎，包含了發電、輸電與配電系統、供電架構與電源轉供之簡介與模擬實驗所使用的理論，如故障電流、負載潮流及大馬達啟動等，使用了ETAP軟體作規劃模擬實驗，且利用實例分析探討，如故障電流、負載潮流及大馬達啟動分析等，並以標準或法規輔助驗證模擬結果，再以量測值相互比較，探討誤差所發生的原因，最後歸納其結論與建議為(1) 故障電流方面：理論基礎計算以IEC標準為主，計算時考慮較多的因素，因此計算的故障電流值較為精確，而實務方面以ANSI標準為主，以經驗法則為根據，忽略一些繁瑣的計算，其計算的故障電流較小，所以在測試或驗收時都以ANSI標準為主，斷路器的選用上也多以ANSI標準為主。(2) 負載潮流方面：確保匯流排電壓均能在系統電壓90% 以上，通常三種計算方法為牛頓-拉弗法、快速解耦法與加速高斯法，各有其優缺點，可依據系統架構選擇使用，综合三種計算方法結果誤差量約為1% 以內，與量測值比較結果誤差均在5% 以內，且均在規定的範圍內，(3) 大馬達啟動方面：分析大馬達啟動前、中、後匯流排電壓瞬間變化的情形，是否使設備會受到影響，透過模擬與量測比較結果變動量在1% 以內，且均在標準範圍內。

關鍵字

石化廠的供電系統 ； 故障電流 ； 負載潮流 ； 大馬達啟動

並列摘要

The purpose of the article is to build up the petrochemistry power supply system with relevant theory basis, including power generating system, power transmission system, power distribution system, power supply structure, power transforming introduction and theories of simulate experiments- fault current, load flow, large motor starting which have planning simulate experiments by ETAP software with real sample in analysis and review for fault current, load flow, large motor starting analysis, and utilize the standards or codes to verify the simulated results, and further added with measuring values for mutual comparison in review the causes in error, and thereof summarizes the conclusion and suggestion: (1) Fault current portion: IEC is popular in theory calculation, the calculate fault current is accurate in general due to more coefficient incorporated. However, ANSI is mostly practical applied in experimentalism where to neglect complex calculation in achieve the less fault current. Thereof, ANSI is majority apply in test and acceptance as well as circuit breaker selection. (2) Load flow portion: To ensure the busbar voltage is averagely in above 90 % of system voltage, three common methods are Norton-Lafoware, Speed decode, accelerate Gauss, the different method has its own superiority. The error among the three methods is very few within 1 % and is around 5 % in comparing with actual measurement, and both are within the allowance range. (3) Large motor starting portion: To analysis the busbar instantaneous voltage variation while motor starting in duration as before, initiating and completion which for the review of equipment influence status. Consequently, the comparison result for the simulation and the actual measurement is within 1 % and are within standardization range.

並列關鍵字

Petrochemistry Power System ； Fault Current ； Load Flow ； Large Motor Starting

參考文獻

文，國立高雄應用科技大學電機工程研究所，高雄，民國93

台科技大學電機工程系，台南，民國93年。

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