車輛輪椅升降機構之設計

目前較大的縣市區域提供復康巴士之叫車或租用服務，為了讓行動不便者方便上下車，巴士上皆裝設輪椅升降機，免去收展輪椅之困擾。本研究發展一款新型車輛輪椅升降機構，用以提供乘坐輪椅之行動不便人士能夠進出車輛。此機構主要分成舉昇與收摺兩個部分，首先係使用六連桿機構合成理論來設計舉昇機構，其包含一平行連桿機構用來確保輪椅載台之平移運動、與單一油壓缸用來傳遞動力且驅動舉昇機構；接著使用八連桿機構合成理論來整合舉昇機構與收摺機構，其收摺機構可使載台收納時自動收摺。本研究將應用電腦輔助工程軟體來執行機構運動、干涉與應力等分析；首先機構動態模擬軟體ADAMS/View用來進行舉昇機構之運動合成與分析，並藉以評估油壓缸之出力與各接頭之受力；再者確認機構尺寸後藉由CAD軟體SolidWorks建構3D模型，並觀察是否有運動干涉現象；最後再應用有限元素法分析在不同位置下之應力分析。經過系統化設計後所發展之新型升降機構與現有輪椅升降機構相比，所需之桿件數目較少且油壓缸出力較小，同時各桿件之受力亦明顯較低。

關鍵字

輪椅舉昇機構；機構合成與分析；電腦輔助工程分析與設計

並列摘要

In order to let cripples or elderly get on and off rehabus or rental car easily, both of the rehabus and rental car are equipped with wheelchair lifts. In this study, a new wheelchair lifts mechanism that includes lifting and folding parts is developed. First, the design of lift mechanism combined with a parallel link-bar mechanism and a hydraulic cylinder based on six-bar mechanism synthesis theory is executed. The parallel link-bar mechanism is used to ensure the translation motion of wheelchair platform. The hydraulic cylinder is power source of the lift mechanism. Then, the eight-bar mechanism synthesis theory is used to incorporate the lift mechanism with the fold mechanism so that the wheelchair platform can be folded automatically during the operation. Computer-aided engineering (CAE) is used to analyze movements, interference and stress of the proposed wheelchair lifts by ADMS/View and SolidWorks,, respectively. Compared with the other wheelchair lifts, the proposed ones might reduce quantity of mechanistic components, specifications of the hydraulic cylinder and force on joints of the mechanistic components.