冰水主機能源效率監測研究

The research of monitoring the energy efficiency of chillers.

陳發賢(Fa-Hsien Chen)

指導教授 ： 鄭鴻斌

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

因為人類對能源的需求持續增加與使用，致使溫室氣體大量排放引發全球氣候變遷，對人類的危害與日俱增。如今我國各類建築主要用電多為空調與照明，空調系統的效能即成為我國各類建築主要與有效控制建築物耗能的項目；冰水主機的效率COP(Coefficient of performance)值越高表示以同樣的冷凍能力所需的電力就更少。本論文利用水冷式冰水主機150RT及氣冷式冰水主機60RT各一台分別擷取冰水主機冷媒系統的溫度、壓力並利用可程式控制器(PLC-Programmable logic controllers)記錄。再分析R-134a冷媒在各種狀態點下的熱力性質推導出焓值，之後計算冰水主機性能係數 COP，如此便能即時連續監控機組之效率。為求應用性本研究以符合中國國家標準（CNS-Chinese National Standards）CNS-12575蒸氣壓縮式冰水主機之標準性能測試站以水側熱量計法及焓值法分別擷取兩種冰水主機性能數據，同時進行評估兩者間之差距，經比對本研究所使用焓值法與以CNS量測標準之水側熱量計法所測得性能數據，因耗功的計算差異，焓值法COP較CNS標準量測為高，兩者於分析圖表中性能曲線呈現平行且趨勢一致，水冷式差值平均在7.1%，氣冷式差值平均在9.0%，皆在10％以內；因此焓值法極具參考價值，不但可內建於機組本身控制器內作為遠方監測用，也可以發展模組外掛於設備或製成攜帶型測試設備機動量測。

關鍵字

冰水主機 ； 性能係數 ； 能源效率監控

並列摘要

The global abnormal climate transition caused by Greenhouse gas emissions has already been increasingly harmful to human life. However, the global energy demand which is main reason of causing greenhouse effect is continuously increasing. Nowadays the building electricity is mainly consumed for air- conditioning and lighting in Taiwan, especially for air conditioning The performance of air-conditioning system has already become the main factor to control the energy consumption in our current building design. The higher COP(Coefficient of performance) value means lower power demand under the same cooling capacity condition. This paper is to describe a more convenient measurement application to continuously monitor the energy performance of chillers. This application is to use the measuring devise to capture the temperature and pressure of refrigerant in chiller and then recorded by PLC. After analyzing R134a thermodynamic properties under all different state conditions, we could get the enthalpy value and COP. By the mentioned application, the performance of chiller could be continuously monitored. Moreover, the performance data can be also used as the reference of chillers maintenance and mal-functional judgement. The CNS-12575 “ Vapor compression chiller test station” describe the way of water side thermo measuring and enthalpy derivation to get the performance data of two different types of chiller. At same time we could evaluate the deviation of the two different ways. After comparing between the COP value derived by enthalpy way and performance data derived by CNS water side thermo measuring way, the analysis chart shows that the two performance curve are in the same trend. The average deviation of water cooling type of chillers is 7.1% and the air type’s is maintained as 9.0% in average. The differential rate is under 10%. It means that enthalpy derivation way is valuable to implementation. It could not only build in controller of chiller, but also external module could be developed as the accessory of chiller or the mobile devise for the mobility measurement.

並列關鍵字

Chillers ； COP ； Energy efficiency monitoring

參考文獻

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