汽油引擎電子氣閥之動態特性分析與控制器設計

Dynamic Analysis and Controller Design of Electromagnetic Valve for SI Engines

潘韋達(Wei-Da Pan)

指導教授 ： 蕭耀榮

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

傳統的可變汽門正時系統是採取分段可變式的汽門機構，其汽門正時為分段固定式，並無法完全依照引擎當時的運轉狀況提供適當的汽門正時；而利用電磁閥所組成的電子氣閥(electromagnetic valve)可以有效的改善此缺點，提供引擎各種需求下的汽門正時，並且各缸可以允許有個別不同的正時設定，可以有效提升引擎效能和降低燃油消耗率與減少引擎廢氣污染產生。
本研究主要方向為針對汽油引擎之電子氣閥的動態進行分析，並且朝兩項發展重點：整體能量消耗分析以及氣閥動態控制進行研究探討。在能量消耗部份則是探討汽油引擎在不同運轉情況下的電子氣閥整體的能量消耗狀況，而動態控制部份則是利用模糊控制器進行電子氣閥的緩撞擊(Soft Landing)，以減少氣閥開閉之時間與降低電子氣閥的閥體接觸速度(contact velocity)，將接觸速度降低到0.5m/sec以下與上升時間維持在4msec左右，避免接觸速度過快造成閥體本身的碰撞損壞與噪音產生，由於在實際應用上會有電腦計算時間的問題，因此本論文提出對應式的三段電壓控制法進行電子氣閥的動態控制，減少電腦計算時間，在實際應用上可行性較大。

關鍵字

可變汽門正時 ； 電子氣閥

並列摘要

It is acknowledged that variable valve timing (VVT) can effectively enhance engine performance and significantly reduce engine fuel consumption and exhaust emission. Application of electromagnetic valve (EMV) in SI engines can effectively improve the problems of fixed valve timings and events in conventional cam-valve engines. EMV engines have much higher flexibility in valve timing than conventional engines. Valve timings of EMV engines can have different settings to satisfy different engine operating conditions and different cylinder conditions.

This research focuses on the analysis of dynamics of an electromagnetic valve used in an SI engine. Energy consumption analysis and controller design for an EMV are two major works in this research. The first part analyzes the energy consumption of an EMV in different engine operating conditions. And the second part is to design a Fuzzy logic controller to get fast EMV movement and low landing speed. The EMV moving time is successfully reduced into 4 msec and landing speed is limited to 0.5m/sec. Under the consideration of practical implementation and operation in high-speed engines, an alternative 3-stage voltage control is proposed to control EMV dynamics. This alternative controller can significantly reduce computing time, and make real-time EMV control practical.

並列關鍵字

Variable Valve Timing ； Electromagnetic Valve

參考文獻

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