噪音環境下心音量測系統之研製

Design and Implementation of Heart Sound measurement system in noisy environment

柯子文(Tzu-Wen Ko)

指導教授 ： 李仁貴 ； 李宗演

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電腦與通訊研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2013.00502

摘要

聽診是醫生以直接或間接的方式來聽取心、肺等臟器運作聲音，並藉以判斷其生命跡象。聽診器是間接的方式且為臨床主要方法之一。在醫院裡醫生可以藉此反覆地評估患者的生理狀況。但是，並不是每位患者都是能在醫院裡接受聽診，如果患者身處於吵雜的環境下發病，而且醫生又必須對患者即時做出判斷，就無法使用傳統的聽診器來判斷病情。傳統的聽診器若在高於80分貝以上的噪音環境下，則無法做出正確的檢測，因此，發展一種可工作於吵雜環境下的聽診器是必要的。
本論文研究目的是研發超音波都普勒電路，可以在噪音環境下很簡易方便地擷取心音，無需繁雜的操作就可以量測出正確的心音訊號。本研究之電路除了可以正確及有效地擷取血管內的血流速度，經過電路轉換後也同時可以完整地聽到心音運作的聲音，有助於醫生或護理人員的診斷。本研究先製作一般的微音器電路與超音波都普勒電路。並以噪音測定的方法，模擬出噪音環境，使用此噪音環境，將以上兩種電路對人體作心音的量測。再透過LabVIEW軟體作擷取訊號，同時利用LabVIEW軟體再分析出雜訊比。作為模擬吵雜環境下的量測方法。
經實驗證明本研究所提出之電路方法，可以在90分貝以上的吵雜環境中正確地擷取心音訊號。

關鍵字

超音波 ； 都普勒 ； 聽診器 ； 環境噪音

並列摘要

The auscultation is the way to listen to the heart and lung’s functioning sounds for doctors by direct or indirect method, and further to distinguish the life-signals. Stethoscope belongs to the indirect way as one of the major methods in clinical diagnosis. The doctors can use the stethoscope to assess the patient's physiological condition repeatedly in the hospital. However, not every patient can be assessed in the hospital, in case, the patients encounter accident or are injured in a noisy environment, the doctors have to judge the patient immediately, in this situation they are not able to use the traditional stethoscope. Traditional stethoscope can not effectively detect the signal exceeds 80 dB noise environment. Therefore, develop a stethoscope which can work in a noisy environment is necessary.
The purpose of this thesis is to research and develop the Ultrasound Doppler Circuit(UDC), it can capture the sound of heart easily and conveniently, it can measure correct signals of the heart sound no need the complex operation. The circuit that we developed can correctly and effectively capture the speed of blood flow in the blood vessels, besides it also can completely receive the sound of the heart which has been transferred through the UDC, that will help doctor or nurses in judgment of the disease.
Before the experiments, we construct one Microphone Circuit and one UDC in advance, then we create a noisy environment according to noise measuring method, use this two circuits to measure heart sound under this noisy environment, by means of the LabVIEW software to acquire the signals from the above two circuits’ output, and also to analyze the signal to noise ratio. This is our measurement method in noisy environment.
After the fulfillment of the experiment, the UDC we offered can correctly acquire the heart sound in the noisy environment exceed 90 dBA.

並列關鍵字

Auscultation ； Ultrasound ； Doppler ； Noisy environment

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