本論文提出一套可自動資料收集之害蟲生態監測系統,其係以無線感測器網路為主要之核心技術,並整合GSM網路與網際網路技術設計規劃而成,可有效取代傳統以人力為主之量測方式。相較於傳統方法,本系統具有資料收集自動化、減少對生態環境之干擾、避免實體佈線麻煩、可彈性增加感測範圍、感測器節點體積小及感測器節點數量多等優點。 本生態監測系統針主要由田間生態監測網路以及主控平台兩大部分所組成。前者包含有田間閘道器及多個感測器節點,利用田間閘道器來對該區之感測器網路進行協調、控制及資料收集,並將資料傳回主控平台。感測器網路內之各個節點則設計成具有無線(wireless)傳輸能力之環境資訊感測裝置,利用節點與節點間之多點跳躍傳遞之方式傳送感測資料。故可達到減低干擾原本生態環境且省去實體線路(wire)佈建麻煩之目的。主控平台主要掌管接收、管理、儲存與展現田間生態監測網路所回傳之資料,並將田間生態感測網路之感測數據存進該資料庫中,進而透過網際網路讓使用者可在異地獲得該區資料並加以管控。 最後本論文以東方果實蠅為實驗對象,研製出一套雛型系統並進行測試,實際驗證本文所提之害蟲生態監測系統之可行性。本系統所收集之蟲害資料及地理環境資料,除可提供該區域之管理人員對蟲害情形進行處置工作之外,更可提供生物學家進行該害蟲生態之深入研究。
This paper proposes a pest ecology monitoring system with automatic data acquisition ability. Its core technology is the wireless sensor network technology. In addition, the whole system is integration of the GSM network and internet for remote access. This system can replace the conventional labor-extensive data acquisition methods. Comparing with traditional methods, this system has many advantages such as automatic data acquisition, reducing the influence on ecology, avoiding the problem of hard wiring, and increasing the sensing area flexibly. Also, the volume of the sensor node is small, and the number of sensor nodes is enormous. This pest ecology monitoring system is composed of wireless sensor network and host control platform. Wireless sensor network includes field gateway and sensor nodes. The gateway is used to coordinate the network collect data, and transmit the information to host control platform. The sensor nodes are the devices to sense environmental data, and they have the ability of wireless transmission. Moreover, the sensor nodes use multi-hopping technology to transmit data from nodes to nodes. By this way, the system can decrease hard wiring and the influence on ecological environment. On the other hand, the host control platform receives the transmitted data, arranges the network layout, saves data to database, and displaces data to users. The interested user can retrieve data from different places by way of the internet. Finally, for oriental fruit fly, this paper implements a prototype pest monitoring system to verify the feasibility and practicality. The proposed system can provide the pest and geography environmental information to the farm worker for dealing with the pest. Also, this system supports biologists to investigate the pest ecology.