- 學位論文
水力發電廠水輪機過流配件沖蝕技術創新與應用之研究
The study of erosion technology innovation and application for the water passage components of hydraulic turbines of hydro power plant
摘要
近年來台灣地區河川水中含砂量增加，加劇河川下游水力電廠水輪機過流配件受水砂沖蝕嚴重，因此運用水力電廠抗沖蝕處理技術來建構水力電廠抗沖蝕創新策略，以提升水力電廠運轉安全及營運績效，已屬刻不容緩之課題。 本研究以水力電廠水輪機過流配件表面實施抗沖蝕硬面處理，以改善配件受水砂沖蝕情形作為研究對象。採用次級資料的蒐集、個案研究分析及與相關專家深度訪談，將現有理論與文獻資料、個案之實證及深度訪談資料相互分析比較，從中分析出台灣水力電廠實施抗沖蝕硬面處理技術創新及策略之可行性及效益。 研究發現，個案水力電廠（台電東部發電廠立霧機組）實施鎳基自熔合金火焰熔射硬面處理後，水輪機過流配件抗水砂沖蝕能力明顯提升；機組動輪背壓值、振動情形、運轉效率確能維持、改善；機組大修週期由每年1次延長至3年以上1次（延長3倍以上），如此降低了電廠營運、維修成本，提高了機組運轉效益。 由專家深度訪談中可分析出，水力電廠實施水輪機過流配件抗沖蝕硬面處理已屬世界潮流，並且該技術在日本、大陸等國家已臻成熟並已實行，然目前台灣水力電廠對於硬面處理技術仍屬研究階段，尚未有明確的推動方向及目標。在本次研究中整合文獻資料、專家深度訪談所獲得的資訊，進行分析並建構出台灣水力電廠實施抗沖蝕硬面處理技術創新之方針及推動方向為本研究最重要的成果。
並列摘要
In recent years, the increasing sand volume of the rivers in Taiwan has aggravated the scouring erosion on the water passage components of hydraulic turbines of the downstream hydro power plants. In this connection, the immediate attention is demanded for the hydro power plant to adopt the anti-erosion processing to set up the anti-erosion innovation strategy in order to upgrade the operation safety and performance of the hydro power plants. This research is aimed at applying the anti-erosion hardfacing processing to the surface of the water passage components of hydraulic turbines so as to improve the scouring erosion of the components caused by the water sand. By applying the secondary data collection, case study analysis and the in-depth interview with related experts, and making analysis and comparison among the existing theory and documentary, the real case and in-depth interview; it is suggested that the technology innovation of anti-erosion hardfacing processing and the strategy feasibility and benefits can be served as a future direction for the hydro power plants in Taiwan. From the individual case study( The Liwu Unit of Tungpu Power Plant), it is found that the anti-erosion capability of the water passage components of hydraulic turbines had been obviously upgraded after performing the nickel based self-fluxing alloy flame sprayed hardfacing treatment; in the meantime, the runner back pressure value, the vibration and the operation efficiency can be maintained and improved; also, the overhaul period of the units is extended from once a year to once every 3 years, which had not only decreased the operation and maintenance cost of the power plants but also upgraded the operation efficiency of the units as well. The analysis made upon the in-depth interview with related experts shows that it has become a worldwide trend for the hydro power plant applying the anti-erosion hardfacing treatment to the water passage components of hydraulic turbines; meanwhile, such technology has been matured and implemented in Japan and People’s Republic of China. However, the hardfacing process technology is still in the stage of research for Taiwan hydro power plants, no specific promoting direction or goal is settled. From integrating and analyzing the information acquired from the documentary and in-depth interview with related experts, the main achievement of this study is to establish the goal and promoting direction for Taiwan hydro power plants to apply the anti-erosion hardfacing treatment technology innovation to the hydro power plants in the future.