正壓隔離病房氣流模擬分析

Airflow Simulation in the Positive Pressure Isolation Room

張山立(Si-Li Chang)

指導教授 ： 簡良翰

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/冷凍空調工程系所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2006.00280

摘要

醫療院所之正壓隔離病房因收容具有免疫力較差之病患，因此在隔離病房空調設計上均有特殊之規範，例如室內壓力的控制、換氣次數等，但由於國內外對隔離病房的設置規定不盡相同，常會造成空調系統設計上之爭議；因此本研究以數值模擬之方式，作為設計上之輔助工具。 本研究中以套裝軟體AIRPAK分析水平層流式隔離病房內部流場及舒適度之分佈情形，模擬對象為國內某醫院之實際設計案例；模擬中分為有病床與無病床，模擬案例分為兩種病房尺寸、四種送風速度。在模擬中出風面積不變，其結果顯示正壓隔離病室內之流場主要受到循環風車運轉速度的影響，高風速之過濾效果較佳但舒適度較差；而在所比較的兩種隔離病室中，尺寸對流場變化影響不大。高效率濾網出風面略有出風不均之問題(末端面板風速較高)，可考慮調整內部配置以達出風均勻之目的。在正壓隔離病室中，微塵粒子渦漩區產生區域，可能產生於病室末端、病室末端角落、病床末端。

關鍵字

隔離病房 ； 氣流模擬分析 ； 計算流體力學 ； 骨髓移植病房

並列摘要

Pressurized isolation rooms are designed for patients, who are vulnerable to infection, such as bone marrow transplant patients. Regulations regarding pressure, air change rate of isolation rooms have been defined differently in different countries. For the purpose of preventing controversy over the air conditioning design of pressurized isolation room, the present study developed a numerical model to simulate the air flow pressurized isolation room. A commercial fluid dynamic simulation code, AIRPAK, has been used to compute the air flow distribution and comfort level of isolation rooms. In the present study, two isolation rooms having different sizes are simulated. Their sizes are based on actual isolation rooms for bone-marrow transplant patients in a hospital. Simulations have been performed at four different flow rates for each room with or without bed. The results show that the flow rate, controlled by fan speed, is the major factor that affects the uniformity of the air flow distribution in the isolation room. A higher air flow rate results in a greater air filtration efficiency but lower comfort level. The room size has minor influence on the air flow distribution in the present work. The re-circulations may occur in the corner of the room without a bed. The four corners of the bed would also produced eddies when the bed is put in the isolation room.

並列關鍵字

Isolation Room ； CFD ； IAQ ； Dynamic Mesh ； FLUENT ； AIRPAK

參考文獻

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