聚乳酸混摻EVA-g-MA與木質纖維之複合材料特性探討

Characterization of PLA/ EVA-g-MA composites reinforced with wood fibers

孫藹莉(Ai-Ly Sun)

指導教授 ： 余琬琴

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/有機高分子研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00581

摘要

近年來，許多滿足環保要求的新材料不斷發展，其中由微生物發酵產物合成的高分子－聚乳酸(PLA)，被視為可再生資源，是有利於保護環境的材料。目前因為PLA原料成本高，可藉由添加木質纖維製得木塑複合材料降低成本，但兩者之間仍然存在相容性問題。
本實驗主要分三階段，第一階段為分析蒸爆處理後相思木纖維組成，第二階段主要以EVA-g-MA作為偶聯劑並以塑譜儀製備EVA-g-MA /聚乳酸複合材料，分析改變EVA-g-MA添加量對PLA複合材料的熱性質與機械性質的影響；第三階段探討經由第二階段實驗結果選擇性質較優的8% EVA-g-MA /聚乳酸複合材料及比較值的16% EVA-g-MA /聚乳酸複合材料為基底，與第一階段蒸爆處理相思木纖維(5 wt%、10 wt%)，做進一步材料熱性質與機械性質的比較影響，並以掃描式電子顯微鏡分析型態結構。研究結果顯示，添加相思木纖維5%複合材料熱穩定性最好，且略高於未添加纖維時抗拉強度。由動態機械分析測試得到，當EVA-g-MA/PLA比值10 %，添加木質纖維5%時，儲存模數最大，且擁有較高玻璃轉移溫度。

關鍵字

聚乳酸 ； 木塑複合材料 ； 蒸爆處理

並列摘要

In recent years, many new materials which aim to satisfy the requirements of environmental protection have been developed. Among these, PLA, a polymer made from the lactic acid through fermentation, is regarded as a kind of renewable resources, and is an environmentally friendly material. At present, due to the relatively high price of PLA, we have to add wood fiber to PLA and get Wood-Plastic Composites(WPC) in order to decrease PLA’s cost. However, there is still a compatible problem between the two.
In this experiment, three stages are included. The first stage is to analyze the component of Acacia confuse after steam explosion。The next focuses mainly on the composite, a mixture of EVA-g-MA as the coupling agent and PLA, by the brabender, changes the ratio between the addition of EVA-g-MA and PLA, and analyzes the different results in order to affect the mechanical and thermal properties. That is to say, different ratios contribute to different mechanical and thermal properties. The last stage further deals with the influences on the mechanical and thermal properties by adding 5wt% and 10wt% steam-exploded Acacia confuse to the composition of EVA-g-MA, and PLA. Furthermore, structure analysis with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) can also be made. The result shows that adding 5% to the composition has the best thermal stability, and it also has a little higher tensile strength than adding 0%. Through DMA testing, when the ratio of EVA-g-MA/PLA is 10 % with 5% wood fiber added, storage modulus is the largest, and Tg is higher.

並列關鍵字

PLA ； wood-plastic Composites ； steam explosion

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