建築物防火安全管理與風險分析之研究

A Study on Fire Safety Management and Risk Evaluation for the Building

鄭宗敏(Tsung-Min Cheng)

指導教授 ： 張寬勇

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/工程科技研究所/博士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2007.00328

摘要

分析台灣近年火災統計資料，住宅、住商混合大樓、高科技廠房等火災類型，係屬國內建築物三大典型火災危害對象，屢屢造成重大的生命財產損失。為了防抑制火災的發生，政府相關部門除不斷致力於法令修改與各項維護公共安全方案之推動外，並加強宣導民眾防火意識及研擬火害防治相關之對策
。本文針對該建築物特性、火災類別、火災危險要因；並運用現行國際常用之火災動態模擬軟體(Fire Dynamics Simulator, FDS)，設定電腦模擬評估條件
，選定案例作風險分析，藉此了解該類建築物在發生火災時，評估火煙發展狀況及人員避難危害程度，同時在電腦模擬過程中，加入相關安全設備、強化防火避難設施及防火安全管理作為時，比較建築物火煙發展及對人員避難逃生之影響，以求相互印証，進而謀求防治對策與改善之道，更促使民眾能自主檢核，有效降低災害發生及損失率，以期提升台灣地區居住環境安全。

關鍵字

火災 ； 住宅 ； 住商混合大樓 ； 高科技廠房 ； 火災動態模擬軟體 ； 防治對策

並列摘要

According to statistic of Taiwan in recent year, residential building, mixed-use residential and commercial building and high-tech factory fire hazards are typical vulnerable occupancies. These cause sever damages frequently. To reduce fire hazard, governmental bureau continuously engages in modifying fire regulations and promoting public safety acts. It also promotes civilians’ sense of fire prevention and makes fire prevention countermeasures and policies. Through this research, scenario parameters such as, building characteristics, fire type, fire vulnerabilities, are adopted and simulated via FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator), which is mostly used worldwide. Fire and smoke development, damages of evacuation, of specific building are simulated. Meanwhile, effects of fire and smoke development, damages of evacuation, after installations of fire safety equipments and enhancements of evacuations facilities, are also customized and simulated. Mutual validations are also conducted to conclude prevention and improvement countermeasures. Sense of self inspection of civilian would be raised. Fire hazards and damages would be reduced effectively. Conclusions of this research would help to improve residential environment safety of Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Fire ； Fire vulnerability ； Residential Building ； Mixed-Use Residential and Commercial Building ； High-Tech Factory Building ； Fire Dynamics Simulator ； countermeasure

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