電子工廠火場驗證與人員疏散之研究

Simulation of Evacuation during Fire Disaster –Electronics Factory Fire Verification and Evacuation

陳朝彥(Chao-Yan Chen)

指導教授 ： 林誠興

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2013.00304

摘要

人們每天忙碌的工作，工作職場成為很重要的地方，以工廠為例常常因為過度使用空間導致物品隨意地放置，潛在了許多火災的因子，針對火災的風險也想對應提高。因為物品的堆積導致，空間狹隘，發生火災時容易使火勢延燒迅速，搶救困難，造成人員的傷亡與財務的損失，本案為例桃園縣平鎮市某電子工廠火災，疑似因為電線走火，再加上工廠現場堆放許多易燃物及化學品，易造成火勢的助長，加種種因素都增加了火災發生性及複雜性。為了避免或減少類似災害發生，針對工廠建築物做火災之研究。

本研究利用NIST所發展的FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)與芬蘭VTT 技術中心(VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland)研發的EVACUATION避難模組，進行火災模擬和逃生避難模擬，依照現場與各媒體所提供的資料以及從消防隊員獲得的資訊中，建立火場數值模型模擬，火災發生時，所產生的高溫、一氧化碳濃度以及氣層高度的變化，進而改變模型設定參數，如主火源位置、增減主火源熱釋放率等，研究變動相關參數對火場逃生避難的影響。希望本論文研究對於防火工程與逃生避難有參考價值，以降低人員的傷亡及財產的損失。

關鍵字

火災 ； 場模式 ； 逃生避難

並列摘要

As people are busy at their daily work, the workplace has become a very important place, for example in factories often due to excessive use of space leads to freely pile up goods, which concealed certain potential fire factors increasing the risk of fire incidents. The indoor space become narrow because of the accumulation of goods, it is easy to cause a fire and fire intensity spread rapidly, rescue difficult, leads to serious casualties and property losses. This is a fire case of an electronics factory in Taoyuan County, occurred on December 10, 2010. Short circuit was suspected to be the cause of fire, and the fire spread rapidly due to the piled combustible and chemicals on the floor, all of these factors have increased the fire expansion and complexity. In order to avoid or reduce the occurrence of similar disasters, fire research is necessary for safety design of the factory buildings.
This study is using FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) developed by NIST and VTT (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland) developed EVACUATION module for fire simulation and escape evacuation simulation. According to the site inspection with the information provided by the media as well as official report from the fire brigade, create a numerical model for fire computation; fire growth, heat generated, and the concentration of carbon monoxide, air layer height changes are obtained. Thereby changing the model set parameters, such as the location of the main fire source, increase or decrease the main fire heat release rate, dropping the temperature of the fire scene by adding sprinkler system, changing the size of exits for personnel escape, etc., the purpose is to find the impact of changes of parameters on the fire escape /refuge. The simulation result might be valuable for a reference fire escape/ refuge planning in order to reduce casualties and property losses.

並列關鍵字

fire ； field mode ； escape evacuation

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