以衝擊量測試驗探討護膝吸振特性之研究

本研究目的在探討對於膝關節受到正向衝擊時，厚墊型護膝是否能有效吸收其衝擊能量，藉由本研究之衝擊試驗，了解護膝之吸振效能特性。研究過程中，先擬訂出一套護膝之檢測程序，根據步驟分為三部分進行，第一部分為選擇六款不同類型的厚墊護膝作樣本測試，為取得護膝樣本之壓縮曲線，使用萬能材料試驗機對樣本進行壓縮測試；第二部分在模擬方面，以人跌倒時膝蓋撞擊地面所受之正向衝擊為假設條件，建立研究系統架構，並且推導出運動方程式，使用Simulink軟體將運動方程式以方塊圖呈現，輸入系統參數得其模擬曲線結果；第三部分則是衝擊實驗方面，以上述之假設條件，設計製作一衝擊測試機對樣本進行測試並比較數據，驗證模擬之結果，其中衝擊測試機之設計藉由Solidworks繪圖軟體，進行零件之3D模型建立及组裝，進而製作出各零件原型並組裝進行實驗測試。最後經由模擬與實驗，將各護膝樣本數據相互比較，了解護膝受衝擊之吸振特性。結果藉由衝擊安全係數呈現，發現六款樣本在角75°實驗中，只有四款有在最低標準以上，至於其他ψ角情況下，數據顯示皆會對膝蓋造成傷害，而在厚度15 mm以下之PU以及Eva泡棉材質之護膝在任何角情況下皆不適用來保護膝蓋。

關鍵字

膝關節；厚墊型護膝；正向衝擊

並列摘要

We want to study whether the knee pads can absorb the energy of impacts when knee joint be shocked by normal impacts, and attain to the aim about protecting knee joints. As trying to frame a procedure for impact test, there are three steps depend on the procedure. First, choosing six different kinds of knee pads to be the samples, and using the MTS to test them, getting the compress curves. Second, assuming the normal impact about the knee hit the ground when a human fall down, and set up the system of study, and calculate the equations of motion. Using SIMULINK to take the equations be showed by block diagrams, and get the results by inputting the parameters in the simulation. Third, in the experiments, we build a math model and design a impact test equipment. About the impact test equipment, we designed 3D models by Solidworks, building and assembling them. When the impact test equipment was finished, we start the impact tests to the samples. Acquiring the data by way of the shock, and compared with each data of the samples to get the conclusions. The results were showed by ISF, we found only four samples were greater than the standard 1.5 in the 75° experiment. But the knee would be injured in others degree conditions. The knee pads thickness less than 15 mm did not fit for protecting the knees in any conditions.

並列關鍵字

Knee joint ； Knee pads ； Normal impact

參考文獻

[8] 梁龍鏡，常見膝部之運動傷害，國教世紀期刊，2004。

[3] Jaw-Lin Wang, Yen-Lin Lee, “The Shock Attenuation Properties of Straight Standing Knee Joints Using Different Shock Absorbers and Energy Inputs,” July, 2003.

[5] Wang JL, Chung CH, Chiang CK, “How the external impact energy affects the internal kinetics of knee joint? The comparison of porcine and human knee joint,”ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and R&D Expo (IMECE), 2003, Paper No. IMECE2003-42913.

[9] Jaw-Lin Wang, Yen-Lin Lee, “The Effect of Knee Postures and Cushion in the Load Transmission of Impact Loading – An In Vitro Biomechanical Porcine Model,” Aug, 2004.

[10] Kyu-Jung Kim, Kenton R. Kaufman, William P. Cooney, Kai-Nan An, “Biomechanical Efficiency of Wrist Guards as a Shock Isolator,” Apr, 2006.

國際替代計量

以衝擊量測試驗探討護膝吸振特性之研究

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