從羞恥到無恥: 從結構至暴露的探討

From Shame to Shamelessness: From Structure to Exposure

曾維郁(Wei-Yu Tseng)

指導教授 ： 霍弘毅

國立臺北科技大學/人文與社會科學學院/應用英文系碩士班/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2014.00738

摘要

本篇論文旨在探討人性中羞恥以及無恥的基本結構。感到羞恥和感到罪惡，經常被大多數的人認為差不多。然而近代已有越來越多臨床心理學家和心理研究理論學者對於兩者的細微差別提出相關論點。在這篇研究論文的第一部份我將會討論以及歸納各個學者包括阿甘本、列維納斯、海德格爾和Massumi等人的意見和理論，討論羞恥感與罪惡感以及和情感的關係。承上述思想家們的研究再歸納出羞恥的基本結構––自我主觀意識建立和崩解的過程，進一步探討羞恥、罪惡感和情感在文學作品當中的所扮演的角色。
本文的第二部份欲藉由第一部份的羞恥結構反探討無恥的架構，並提出無恥與親密感之間的關聯，再進而分類出無恥的二大型態¬¬––追求刺激，達成目的。最後經由仔細的電影作品討論，包括Bitter Moon和Nymphomaniac裡面的角色設計進而探討無恥對於人性的重要性及核心價值¬¬––一種追求超脫的手段。

關鍵字

羞恥 ； 罪惡感 ； 情感 ； 喬治阿甘本 ； 無恥 ； 親密 ； 限制 ； 無限 ； 踰越界線

並列摘要

This paper will explore the structure of shame and shamelessness. Shame, as a state of affect, is usually considered the same emotional experience as guilt. In the first part of this essay, I will also try to comprehend various opinions from scholars such as Agamben, Levinas, Heidigger, and Massumi and so on about shame, affect and guilt. Not only do I clarify that shame is distinct from guilt, but also is an affect which jolts a human being along with the process of a double movement––subjectification and desubjectification. By examining the fundamental structure of shame, the second part of my thesis’ discussion will be the primary statement of the whole essay––shamelessness. I will further discuss the possible structure of shamelessness itself accociated with intimacy and two major categories of shamelessness––to abolish taboos and to seek for thrills. However, at the latter part of shamelessness, I discuss that shamelessness is not an affect, but it is an approach for a self to pursue an expansive experience by discussing two movies: Bitter Moon and Nymphomaniac.

並列關鍵字

shame ； guilt ； affect ； Giorgio Agamben ； shamelessness ； intimacy ； limits ； limitlessness ； transgression ； Foucault

參考文獻

Works Cited

Agamben, Giorgio. “Remnants of Auschwitz. The Witness and the Archive.” Homo Sacer III. Trans. Daniel Heller-Roazen. Zone Books: New York, 1999. Print.

Bitter Moon. Roman Polanski. AMLF, 1992. Film.

Ekman, Paul. “Universal and Cultural Differences in Facial Expression of Emotion.”Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Ed. J. R. Cole. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1972.

Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality. Vol. 1: An Introduction. Trans. Robert Hurley. Vintage Books: New York, 1990. Print.