從氯鉑酸廢液萃取鉑(IV)之研究

A Study on the Extraction of Platinum(IV) from the Wastewater of Chloroplatinic Acid

蔡明叡(Ming-Ruei, Tsai)

指導教授 ： 蔡德華

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2009.00565

摘要

本論文以液-液溶劑萃取的方式，在25℃下以鹼性萃取劑氯化三辛基甲基胺（Aliquat 336）為載劑，煤油為稀釋劑來萃取氯鉑酸電鍍廢液中的鉑（Ⅳ）金屬。
實驗結果顯示，當氯鉑酸粉末在鹽酸溶液系統中，使用氯化三辛基甲基胺萃取時，會形成第三相。而當加入適當的1-辛醇（1-Octanol）時，可消除第三相的現象。並且發現當在萃取劑中添加體積百分比（v/v）為百分之一到百分之二（1%~2%）的修飾劑時，其萃取效果為最好。當萃取劑的濃度固定時，改變鹽酸溶液中氯鉑酸粉末之克數，發現當克數增加時，其萃取分配比也會隨之增加，並且其萃取效果隨著初始鹽酸濃度的增加而隨之下降。當在不同初始鹽酸濃度下，固定氯鉑酸粉末之克數時，改變萃取劑之濃度，發現其萃取分配比會隨著萃取劑濃度的增加而上升，而萃取效果也會隨著初始鹽酸濃度的增加而下降。
當忽略在高初始鹽酸濃度時， 濃度變化之影響，在低初始鹽酸濃度時，隨著萃取劑濃度升高，平衡常數遞減，求得關係式為：
logKex＝ 0.974-2.044*log[NR4Cl]

關鍵字

萃取 ； 鉑(IV) ； 氯化三辛基甲基胺

並列摘要

In this research, Liquid-liquid extraction（LLE）of platinum(IV) in hydrochloric acid has been investigated, using trioctylmethylammonium chloride（Aliquat 336）in kerosene at 25℃.
The results show that the third phase formed when extracting platinum in hydrochloric acid solution with Aliquat 336.But if the modifier（1-Ocatanol）was added in the extractant, this phenomenon will be eliminated. The extraction efficiency of platinum(IV) will be better as adding 1-Ocatanol of 1~2%（v/v）in the Aliquat 336. The extracted amount of platinum(IV) decreased as the concentration of initial hydrochloric acid increased. For each initial acid concentration, the distribution ratio of metal extraction increased as the initial metal concentration increased while the concentration of extractant was fixed. And the distribution ratio of the platinum(IV) increased as the concentration of Aliquat 336 increased.
When the concentration of chloride ion was low, the extraction constant decreases along with the increase of the concentration of extractant, the result of the relation is:
logKex＝ 0.974-2.044*log[NR4Cl]

並列關鍵字

Extraction ； Platinum(IV) ； Aliquat 336

參考文獻

[1] Robert E. Krebs, Platinum The History and Use of our Earth's Chemical Elements, Greenwood Press (1998) pp.124.

[4] S.S. Kolekar,M.A. Anuse, Selective liquid–liquid extraction of platinum(IV) from ascorbate solution by N-n-octylaniline: its separation fromassociated elements and real samples, Sep. Sci. Technol. 38 (2003) 2597–26.

[7] F.J. Alguacil, A. Cobo, A.G. Coedo, M.T. Dorado, A. Sastre, Extraction of platinum(IV) from hydrochloric acid solutions by amine alamine 304 in xylene.Estimation of the interaction coefficient between PtCl62− and H+, Hydrometallurgy 44 (1997) 203–212.

[8] B. Cote, G.P. Demopoulos, New 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative extractants for platinum group metals separation. Part 3. Pt(IV) extraction equilibria and stripping, Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. 12 (1994) 517–540.

[9] S. Wu, G. Gu, Extraction of gold, palladium, and platinum from acidic solution with cyclic sulfoxide derivative, J. Uni. Sci.Tech. Beijing, Miner., Metal, Mater. 14 (2007) 107–111.