界面活性劑之生物分解、界面相關性質之研究

Investigation of biodegradable surfactants and interfacial related properties

吳偉宏(Wei-Hong Wu)

指導教授 ： 陳文章

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究以化妝品常用的油劑，例如高級油脂修飾的酯類、界面活性劑等十餘項具有不同表面張力的油相原料，利用惠明板稱重法、懸滴法及接觸角法，分別檢測其液體與氣體、液體與液體以及液體與固體之界面物理化學性質，並且探討其化學結構、性質與人造皮膚間交互作用的關聯性，實驗結果顯示，化學結構上的不同，碳數的多寡、結構支鏈大小、黏度等因素，都會影響表面張力、界面張力和接觸角。本研究可以剖析出合適的油相原料具有較低的表面張力、界面張力、黏度與接觸角等物性，進而助益於使皮膚柔軟潤滑，增加皮膚對有效成份的吸收力，提升產品本身的延展觸感。
由於化妝品與保養品中，所含的界面活性劑成份雖然不高，但是長時間與皮膚直接接觸，比照於清潔劑的短時間接觸皮膚，其影響就不同。本研究另一個重點，針對多種界面活性劑(Corum 4060 Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate、Corum 4029 Potassium Cocoyl Glycinate、N 70 Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate、Corum 6130 Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate)衍生有機化學物，進行28天的活性污泥耗氧性的培養分解試驗，實驗結果發現，上述界面活性劑濃度為100 ppm時，以Corum 4060 Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate生物分解度為最高70.09%，而其他界面活性劑的生物分解度則較低；後來，降低界面活性劑濃度為40 ppm時，Corum 4029 Potassium Cocoyl Glycinate、N 70 Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate、Corum 6130 Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate生物分解度分別為54.08 %、68.4 % 和62.51 %。由此可以知道，上述界面活性劑皆為生物可分解，但是會隨著濃度的增加，而減緩生物分解的速度，也會因為菌種的種類不同，而對於界面活性劑之生物分解度也會有所不同，但是最終目的還是期望界面活性劑完成生物可分解。

關鍵字

表面張力 ； 界面張力 ； 接觸角 ； 界面活性劑 ； 生物分解

並列摘要

In this study, commonly used cosmetic esters, such as modified high-chain esters and surfactants with different surface tensions, utilizing Wilhelmy plate method, pendant drop method and sessile drop technique were examined by measuring the liquid and gas, liquid and liquid and the liquid and solid surface properties, and by investigating the correlation of chemical structure with the artificial skin. The experimental results showed that chemical structure of the carbon number and branched-chain and the viscosity and other factors will affect the surface tension, interfacial tension and contact angle. Application of colloid and interface science's basic principles can be used to analyze the oil phase materials suitable with lower surface tension, interfacial tension, viscosity and other properties and contact angle. Thus it helps to make skin soft and smooth, increase skin absorption of the active ingredient and extension of touch.
As the skin-care products mainly containing surfactants, while not high, but direct contact with the skin longer than the short contact with detergents, the skin effect is different. Another focus of this study, for a variety of organic derived surfactants (Corum 4060 Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate、Corum 4029 Potassium Cocoyl Glycinate、N 70 Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate、Corum 6130 Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate), 28 days of culture activated sludge decomposition test were conducted. The experimental results showed that Corum 4060 Sodium Lauroyl Glutamate had the highest degree of 70% biodegradation at 100 ppm , Other surfactants had lower degree of biodegradation. Subsequently, Corum 4029 Potassium Cocoyl Glycinate, N 70 Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate, Corum 6130 Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate had 54.08%, 68.4% and 62.51% of biodegradation, respectively, at 40 ppm. They are all biodegradable surfactants. But as the concentration of surfactants increases, while the rate of biodegradation decreases, also because of different types of bacteria used. For biodegradable surfactants, there will be different rates of biodegration, but ultimately all surfactants can be biodegraded.

並列關鍵字

Surface tension ； interfacial tension ； contact angle ； surfactant ； biodegradation

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