本研究之主要目的是建立出一套"3D積層影像擷取系統",希望藉由層切削配合影像擷取技術取得二維斷層資料,再經由重建技術即時建立三維資料,最終達成擁有外部特徵與內部結構之立體影像重建之需求。由國內文獻可知,對於層削量測法大多針對其量測流程、應用領域、及量測誤差作研究,而無此系統自動化的相關研究。 因此本研究之主要訴求有二點,第一點為透過自行開發之運動控制單元、影像擷取單元、及三維重建模組整合成全自動化的3D積層影像擷取系統,只要把待測件經鑲埋後放置於本研究開發之機台上,便自動取得三維影像資料,第二點為開發出機台尺寸小,但加工範圍及影像擷取範圍大之銑削機構,不使用螺桿放在中間線性滑軌放在兩旁的平衡方式,而使用一邊放滾珠導螺桿一邊放線性滑軌的方式,使得本機台之工作範圍大而機台尺寸小可以實現。 本研究透過機構設計、電路配置、程式撰寫等流程,最終開發出具備成本低廉,技術自有之3D積層影像擷取系統原型機,作為日後商品化的改善依據。
The main purpose of this research is to establish a 3D layer image capturing and modeling system. It combines a layer cutting and 2D image acquisition technology as well as a new developed hexahedral marching cube reconstruction method. The external and the internal structure of the testing 3D object can be modeled in sold CAD as it is presented by closed triangle facets. A self-developed desktop size machine has been introduced. It includes the system design, motion control, and image capturing. The new developed hexahedral marching cube reconstruction method is applying every rectangular facet of a cube to find boundary edges of a cube and the found edge is well machining the aside cube. By adding the inner segmentation of a polygon and make the polygon to a set of triangle faces, a STL format 3D solid model can be generated. A complex circle knot shape which was fabricated by rapid prototyping machine has been evaluated in this 3D layer image capturing and modeling system. It shows a good result in terms of the surface structure as well as the complexity presentation.