架空輸電線路裝設線路避雷器之雷擊特性分析及效益評估

Lightning Characteristics Analysis and Benefit Assessment for Overhead Transmission Line with Line Arresters

洪能發(Neng-Fa Hung)

指導教授 ： 周至如

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/機電整合研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

架空輸電線路大多沿著山區地形建設或建於空曠地區，因此經常遭受雷擊，由於雷擊是影響架空輸電線路最多之天然災害，不僅會造成電力系統電壓驟降，甚至造成線路停電事故，影響電力品質及供電可靠度。鑑於近年來高科技產業對於電力品質的要求甚為嚴格，檢視現行架空輸電線路防雷對策之裝設線路避雷器，雖可改善因雷擊而引起之瞬間停電及電壓驟降，惟裝設線路避雷器有初設成本及後續維護費用，必須考慮其效益，因此有必要對其雷擊特性加以模擬與分析，俾做為架空輸電線路防雷決策之參考。
本論文採用TFlash程式模擬161kV架空輸電線路裝設線路避雷器吸收雷擊突波的保護特性，驗證線路避雷器是一種相當有效的雷擊防護裝置，其可於雷擊時迅速引導雷擊電流至大地，以釋放大量的雷擊能量，減少輸電線發生閃絡事故，避免因電壓驟降或停電事故而影響電力品質及供電可靠度。本論文亦探討其不同裝設位置及數量之防雷成效，兩回線共架時，若不考慮成本，以兩回線全部裝設線路避雷器的效果最佳，如僅裝設一回線，仍無法確保另一回線不會發生礙子閃絡。若考慮成本採部分裝設，則逐塔集中裝設之防雷成效優於隔塔分散裝設，可針對落雷密度較高之區域採逐塔集中裝設，亦可搭配其他防雷措施改善雷害。

關鍵字

架空輸電線路 ； 逆閃絡 ； 遮蔽失敗 ； 線路避雷器

並列摘要

Most of overhead transmission lines construct along the mountainous terrain or build in open areas. So they are often struck by lightning. Due to the lightning is the main natural disaster to overhead transmission lines. It causes not only power system voltage sag, but the line outages, affecting power quality and supply reliability. According to high-tech industries ’s strict power quality requirement in recent years, although examining the lightning protect measure of existing overhead transmission lines to install lightning arrester can improve power outage and voltage sag which caused by lightning, we must consider its costs and ongoing maintenance costs. So it is necessary to simulate and analysis the lightning characteristic, as a reference for lightning protect measure.
In this paper, TFlash program simulates 161kV overhead transmission lines with lightning arrester absorption characteristics. To verify lightning arrester is a very effective lightning protection devices, which can rapidly lead at lightning current to the earth, in order to release a lot of lightning energy, reducing transmission line flashover accident, to avoid voltage dips or power outages affecting power quality and reliability. This paper also discuss the different locations and number of installed lightning protection effectiveness. If not consider the cost, two loops are fully equipped Wiring arresters of the best. If only one back line, the other still unable to prevent insulators flashover. If you choose partial installation, the effectiveness of centralized towers installation is better than separated. When you install, you can choose higher lightning density areas to adopt centralized installation, also can be paired with other measures to improve the thunder lightning harm.

並列關鍵字

Overhead transmission lines ； Back flashover ； Shielding Failure Flashover ； Line arresters

參考文獻

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