窗型空調機氣流模擬研究

本研究以空調負荷計算軟體(Heat Load Calculation)HKGSG針對模擬空間計算產生熱負荷；再以計算流體力學(CFD)軟體AirPak 2.1進行數值的模擬計算，氣流模擬探討兩種形式窗型空調機(左吹式，右吹式)，依安裝位置等十公分距離牆角，由零公分距離至距離牆角一米一十公分，以空調機出風口及回風口相對牆角距離方式研究，窗型空調機在不同的送回風機型及距離下，安裝相對於室內牆角側對室內空調氣流的影響。本研究結果顯示，當空調機擺設位置是靠近牆角時，康達效應“Coanda Effect”使得送風氣流易偏向牆壁側，較不容易發生氣流短循環現象；反之，若空調機擺設位置是遠離牆壁時，較容易發生送風與回風氣流短循環的現象。因此，電腦模擬結果顯示較佳的冷房效果於窗型空調機擺設位置應選擇機組盡量靠近牆壁側四十公分內，尤其以出風側靠近牆角效果最佳。本文之研究成果，可提供建築空間預留窗型機孔位，增加氣流分布及溫度的最佳化，在綠建築節能建築物於規劃設計階段，能提供更省能設計之參考。

關鍵字

氣流模擬分析；計算流體力學；室內空氣品質；窗型冷氣機

並列摘要

In this study, the Heat Load Calculation software HKGSG was used to calculate the heat load in a room; and then the computational fluid dynamic software AirPak 2.1 was used for the numerical simulations. The simulation models were set up for two kinds of window-type air conditioners (left blowing type and right blowing type) installed at a distance away from the wall by an incremental span of 10 cm, respectively, i.e., 0-110 cm away from the wall. The resulting effect for each case according to the distance between the air outlet and the wall and the distance between the air inlet to the wall was studied; as well the influence of the installation position of the same kind of the air-conditioner with respect to the left and the right sides of the room to the airflow in the room was also studied. This result of this study shows that when the air conditioner is installed near the corner of the wall, the “Coanda Effect” would cause the airflow to tend to the wall side and thus it is more difficult to allow airflow to have short circulation. On the contrary, if the air conditioner is installed far away from the wall, it is easier to allow the airflow short circulation between the air outlet and the inlet. Hence, the simulation results show that if the installation location of the window-type air conditioner should be chosen to be within 40 cm away from the wall side for a better room air-conditioning effect; specifically, if the air outlet is near the wall corner, a much better effect can be expected. The research result in this study can be provided as a reference for optimizing the airflow and temperature distribution while reserving the location for the window-type air conditioner in the architecture space as well as a reference for the energy-saving design of the green and energy-saving architecture during the planning and design stage.

並列關鍵字

Isolation Room ； CFD ； IAQ ； Windows-type Air Conditioner ； AIRPAK

參考文獻

[2] 施陽正、江旭政.”雙吹式窗型空調機室內送風氣流分佈之研究”•冷凍與空調.民國九十年二月，91-100頁.

[8] 施陽正，「便利商店室內環境熱舒適度研究」，冷凍與空調雜誌，第24期，2003，第68~74頁。

[3] 施陽正、陳明德.簡介冷流效應不舒適性之相關研究•冷凍與空調.民國八十九年六月，123-131頁.

[11] ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-1992, “Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy” Atlanta, American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.1992.

[1] 台灣電力公司網站宣導，/ 電力圖書館 / 省電錦囊 /省電小技巧/冷氣機/如何裝設。http://www.taipower.com.tw/2007.