增程式電動車之適應性能量管理控制與設計

Design of Adaptive Power Management Control for Range Extended Electric Vehicle

李治宏(Jhih-Hong Li)

指導教授 ： 陳柏全

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

全球石油價格高漲已成為長期趨勢，各大車廠紛紛投入新能源車輛研發。電動車雖具有零排放汙染的優點，但因為電池能量密度不足的問題，車輛行駛距離經常受到限制。增程式電動車由於搭載了引擎發電機模組的增程器，可增加行駛續航力，許多車廠將其視為解決目前電動車續航力不足問題的短期替代方案。本文利用等效油耗最小策略設計一個適應性能量管理控制策略，以便針對不同行車型態，皆可有效減少燃油消耗。駕駛者只需要提供大約的預計行駛里程數，即可訂出電池SOC放電參考命令軌跡，接著利用自組織模糊控制器適應性調整等效因子，以將電力的使用轉換為等效燃油消耗量，並針對所有的瞬時油耗成本函數進行最佳化搜尋，以找出引擎發電機模組與電池之間最佳的電力分配。模擬結果顯示本文所提出的方法可以有效改善油耗經濟性，並可減少電池的平均充放電功率。

關鍵字

增程式電動車 ； 引擎發電機組 ； 等效油耗最小策略 ； 等效因子 ； 適應性能量管理控制

並列摘要

The increase of oil price has become a global long-term trend. Major automotive manufactures started to put more resource in the research and development of new energy vehicles. Electric vehicle (EV) has the advantage of zero missions. However, its cruising distance is often limited due the insufficient battery energy density. Range extended electric vehicle (REEV) can extend its cruising distance by using the range extender which consists of engine and generator, i.e. genset. Thus, range extender is considered as a short term alternative solution to solve the current problem of insufficient cruising distance of EV. For a given driving pattern, equivalent fuel consumption minimization will be used to design the proposed adaptive power management control strategy, such that fuel consumption can be effectively reduced for different driving patterns. Driver only needs to provide the approximate estimation of the traveling distance to plan the reference SOC trajectory for discharging the battery. Self-organizing fuzzy controller will be used to adaptively adjust the equivalence factor which is used to convert the electric power usage to equivalent fuel consumption. A cost function of instantaneous fuel consumption is minimized to obtain the optimum power split between the genset and battery. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the fuel economy and reduce the average charging/discharging power of the battery.

並列關鍵字

range extended electric vehicle ； engine and generator ； equivalent fuel consumption minimization ； equivalence factor ； adaptive power management control

參考文獻

[14] 彭梓軒, "應用動態規劃於混合動力機車之設計與分析," 碩士, 車輛工程系所, 國立臺北科技大學, 台北市, 2006.

[21] 屈家興, "應用自組織模糊控制於電動機車循跡防滑控制系統之研發," 碩士, 車輛工程系所, 國立台北科技大學, 台北市, 2009.

[2] K. T. Chau and C. C. Chan, "Emerging Energy-Efficient Technologies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 95, pp. 821-835, 2007.

[3] C. Bacher and G. Hohenberg, "Electric Vehicle with Combustion Engine Assist (EV-CEA)," SAE Technical Paper 2011-24-0069, 2011.

[4] S. G. Wirasingha and A. Emadi, "Classification and Review of Control Strategies for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 60, pp. 111-122, 2011.