產銷模式影響庫存管理之個案研究

A Study on the Impact of Production-sale Modeling to Inventory Management: Case Studies

莊白明(Pai-Ming Chuang)

指導教授 ： 呂志誠

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/機電整合研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

一家公司存貨管理的良窳，端賴銷售人員對未來產品需求預測的正確性、公司內部存貨管理系統的周延性以及研發團隊開發零組件模組化的能力。由於網路的發達促使資訊快速流通，產品售價在網路世界中越來越透明及公開化，市場需求隨時變化，這樣的趨勢造成企業在經營上，處於極度不確定性以及面臨高度競爭壓力，大部份的企業意識到要能永續經營，就要與上下游的供應商建立起更緊密的合作關係。企業與供應商之間的關係不再是我買你賣的單一性交易，而是將此單一性的關係轉變成多元化合作模式。除此之外，物料整合不僅能降低企業的成本，同時也能提升企業的獲利。本研究著重於公司接單屬性與產品屬性對存貨管理的影響，透過三個不同的案例，透析不同的接單屬性與產品屬性，找出合適的公司存貨管理因應方式與供應鏈方式。本研究結果得出，專案代工設計(ODM)會因最低採購量高於訂購量，造成庫存損失；專業代工生產(OEM)，其產品未模組化，使用料過於發散，或因未設立安全存量導致存貨過高，造成存貨呆滯損失。自創品牌(OBM)常因預測不準，而導致存貨堆積，形成呆料庫存。

關鍵字

專案代工設計(ODM) ； 專業代工生產(OEM) ； 自創品牌(OBM) ； 存貨管理

並列摘要

The inventory performance mainly relies on the demand forecasting accuracy, the completeness of information system, and the capability of module. Owning to prosper of internet, information flows fast, especially product prices are being increasingly transparent and public, resulting in market demand varied fiercely, causing much uncertainty and highly competition on business as the trend goes. Most of enterprises realize it that if they want to sustain running their business, they may need to intensely cooperate with upstream and downstream suppliers, further extend unilateral relation to multi-cooperation. Besides, component module not only decreases cost of production, but also raises business profit. This study focuses on the impact of production-sale modelings to inventory management and find a suitable modeling of inventory management for these three different cases. With field observation and visits, phenomena were shown that inventory loss may stem from the quantity of order less than minimum order units under original design manufacturing; while it came from component dismodulation and unestablished safety stock under original equipment manufacturing. The variant forecasting of sales could cause redundant inventory under own branding manufacturing.

並列關鍵字

Original Design Manufacturing ； Original Equipment Manufacturing ； Own Branding Manufacturing ； Inventory Management

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