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  • 學位論文

醫護學系學生對精神疾病的汙名與社會距離研究

Medical and nursing students' stigma and social distance toward mental illness

指導教授 : 高美英

摘要


本研究主要目的在瞭解醫護學系學生對精神疾病的汙名與社會距離現況,並探討醫護學系學生對精神疾病的認知、接觸經驗、汙名與社會距離的關係,以及其醫護學系學生對精神疾病的社會距離之影響因素。 本研究採橫斷式研究(Cross-sectional study),以台北醫學大學醫學系與護理系學生為母群體,採便利抽樣(availability sampling)之方法,共發放360份問卷,回收235份,回收率65%,再扣除填答不完整問卷後,有效樣本數為222份。本研究工具包含「汙名感受」、「社會距離」、「疾病認知」、「接觸經驗」以及「基本資料」等五個項目。資料分析以SPSS 17.0進行描述性統計分析、獨立樣本T檢定、皮爾森積差相關分析以及路徑分析等。 研究結果顯示,藥物/酒精濫用的汙名程度明顯較精神分裂症以及躁鬱症嚴重,且社會距離也較遠。男性對精神疾病的汙名程度較女性高、醫學系對精神疾病的汙名程度較護理系高、四年級學生的汙名程度較一年級學生高、有信仰的學生比無信仰的學生汙名程度來得高,但社會距離則在不同的性別、科系、年級以及有無信仰之間無明顯差異。路徑分析發現,男學生對精神疾病的認知越好、接觸經驗越多、汙名程度越高其社會距離越遠;而女學生對精神疾病的社會距離則是有信仰者汙名程度較高、汙名程度較高者社會距離較遠。本研究亦發現汙名與社會距離之間確實存在著密切的連動關係,但分析之後卻發現影響兩者的因素並不完全相同,因而當要測量對精神疾病的汙名程度時,是否可以直接使用社會距離來做為唯一指標,未來應有更多後續研究進行更深入的探討。

並列摘要


The purpose of the proposed study is to assess the stigma and social distance of medical and nursing students towards mental illness. Being a medical care related student does not means that they would have more positive attitudes towards the mentally ill than the general population. The study is a survey research employ a self-administered questionnaire in order to examine the factors correlating to situation of mental illness. The questionnaire contained several questions of socio demographic and individual experiences questions, knowledge about mental illness, stigma, and social distance. Total 360 medical and nursing students from Taipei Medical University had done the questionnaire, and only 235 were returned, the response rate was 65%. The results of this study showed that the stigma and social distance of Drug/Alcohol abuse is higher than Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorder. There were significant differences on stigma between different gender, grade, major and religion. Furthermore, this study found out that the knowledge of mental illness, personal experience and stigma will affect social distance toward mental illness of the male students, while the social distance toward mental illness from female students is affect by only stigma. Moreover, the study showed that stigma and social distance were not the same, so we should try to test whether social distance can be reliably measured as a unidimensional component of stigma.

參考文獻


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