- 學位論文
台北市國小學童父母對學校衛生工作的期望與學校護士對學校衛生工作認知之研究
The Expectations of Elementary Students’ Parents and the Recognition of School Nurses to School Health at Taipei City
摘要
由於社會的變遷、學童健康問題持續浮現與惡化，學校有義務執行及落實學校衛生計畫來促進健康，而學校衛生工作是需要全體教職員生及家長配合才能達到預期目標，因此本研究目的在瞭解與探討台北市公立國小學童父母對學校衛生工作之期望與學校護士對學校衛生工作之認知及其影響因素，並比較其異同。本研究以橫斷式之半結構性問卷調查法收集138所國小，1,180位學童父母與96位學校護士之資料，以描述性統計、t檢定、卡方檢定、單因子變異數分析及薛費法事後多重比較進行資料分析。研究結果顯示：學童父母對學校衛生工作有高度期望，重要性平均得分最高的前五項依序為：「預防及控制傳染性或感染性疾病」、「提供急救及緊急照護」、「健康篩檢、轉介及追蹤」、「照顧在校傷病的學生」及「維持安全環境以預防傷害及疾病」；前四項之主要負責人為護理人員，第五項為衛生組長。對學校衛生工作重要性看法與其基本屬性中與學童關係、與級任導師接觸次數/溝通情形及與校護接觸次數/溝通情形相關。在學校護士方面，對學校衛生工作也有高度之認知，重要性平均得分最高的前五項依序為：「照顧在校傷病的學生」、「提供急救及緊急照護」、「預防及控制傳染性或感染性疾病」、「健康篩檢、轉介及追蹤」及「對學生及家庭的健康資訊保密」，主要負責人皆認為是護理人員。對學校衛生工作重要性看法與其基本屬性之教育程度、有無臨床護理經驗及是否參加在職教育相關。本研究結果顯示：學童父母對學校衛生工作之期望與學校護士對學校衛生工作之認知相近，重要性平均總分後者高於前者，但未達統計上顯著差異。平均得分最高的前四項，兩者看法相同，但排序略有不同，主要負責人兩者也皆認為是護理人員。本研究並針對學校衛生委員會設立之必要性，學校護士的任用條件及學校護士與學生的比例廣度討論及建議，以期能提昇照護品質，並使家長與學校能充分配合，以促進學童健康，同時作為政策規劃及未來研究之參考。
並列摘要
Due to the rapid changes in society, the issues of students’ health become more critical and even severely deteriorate. Schools have the obligation to execute a program of school health in order to facilitate students’ health. Furthermore, it is essential that student’s parent and school’s staff have to cooperate and synchronize closely to reach the expected goals. The objectives of this study are to explore and realize the expectation of elementary students’ parents and the recognition of school nurses to school health as well as the factors that affect these results. A semi-structural questionnaire is utilized to collect all the information investigated, involving 138 elementary schools, 1,180 student’s parents and 96 nurses from Public Elementary School in Taipei City. The data analyses were performed in terms of describe statistic, t-test, chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s method. The study results show that the students’ parents possess a high expectation to school health. The first five important items with the high scores in sequence are 「preventing and controlling infectious or contagious disease」、「providing first aid and emergency care」、「health screening, referral, and follow up」、「caring for students who become sick while at school」and 「maintaining a safe environment that prevents injuries and illnesses」.The main responsible person in first four items is nurse while the fifth item is thought to be Health Leader. The opinion of parent is highly related to the contact or communication frequency between parents and teacher as well as nurse. Regarding the recognition of school nurse to school health , the first five items in sequence are 「caring for students who become sick while at school」、「providing first aid and emergency care」、「preventing and controlling infectious or contagious disease」、「health screening, referral, and follow up」and 「maintaining confidentiality of student’s and/or family’s health information」. The main responsible person for these items is nurse. These results were associated with level of education, whether or not having clinic nursing experience and accepting continuous education. In comparison, the expectation of students’ parents and the recognition of school nurses to school health were quite similar, although the average score of nurses was relatively higher than that of parents. In addition, both parents and nurses showed the same opinions to the importance of school health and the main person for these working items was nurse. Also, the topics related to the necessity for the establishment of school health committee, the criteria for recruiting nurses and the proportion between student and nurse were extensively discussed and suggested to enhance health quality, to facilitate student health, and to be a reference for future research and policy planning.