合併給予輔酶Q10 與紅麴製品改善高膽固醇血症者血脂質與脂質氧化狀態之效應評估

Effects of Monascus Rice Powder Co-supplemented with Coenzyme Q10 Improves Serum Lipids and Lipid Oxidative Status on Subjects with Hypercholesterolemia

徐詩雯(Shih-Wen Hsu)

指導教授 ： 黃士懿

臺北醫學大學/營養學院/保健營養學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6831/TMU.2007.00137

摘要

輔酶Q10 (Coenzyme Q10, CoQ10)的還原態—Ubiquinol (QH2)在週邊循環中，可當作抗氧化物質，與自由基作用變成氧化態(Ubiquinone, Q)。輔酶Q10 也參與維生素E 的再生、預防脂質過氧化。本實驗以高膽固醇血症患者為受試者，探討在長期合併攝取紅麴製品，是否影響血漿中輔酶Q10的濃度，並探討調節血脂之功效和可能機制；另外探討紅麴製品合併輔酶Q10，預防脂質氧化的功效。
實驗係以紅麴製品，給予高膽固醇血症者(24 人)連續攝取紅麴錠劑四個月(一天四顆，每顆含5 毫克monacolin K)，每個月抽取血液評估其對血脂質、本體脂蛋白B 及抗氧化功能—輔酶Q10、維生素E、脂質過氧化物TBARS(Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances)；另外招募高膽固醇血症者(37 人)，分成三組，分別為紅麴組(M) (monacolins 12 毫克)、輔酶Q10 紅麴組(MQ)(monacolins 12 毫克加 CoQ10 30 毫克)及輔酶Q10 紅麴高劑量組(HMQ) (monacolins 24 毫克加CoQ10 60 毫克)，參與調整期(2週)、實驗期(6週)及排空期(2週)三階段試驗。抽血檢驗分析膽固醇、血脂質與LDL-延遲反應(LDL lag time)。數據以mean ± SEM 表示，以Student’s t test 進行統計分析，當 p<0.05 代表有統計上的差異。
結果顯示，攝取紅麴製品4 個月後攝食前相比，其血清總膽固醇、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇、本體脂蛋白B 的濃度皆顯著下降，而高密度脂蛋白膽固醇濃度、血漿維生素E 濃度則無顯著差異；食用紅麴製品1 個月後與攝食前相比，其輔酶Q10 之濃度顯著下降。受試者在合併補充紅麴製品六週後，其血漿中MDA 濃度顯著下降，且LDL 氧化時間顯著延長，而添加輔酶Q10 的組別於排空期後，LDL 氧化延遲時間仍維持在其範圍中。
長期攝取紅麴製品，會藉由抑制HMG CoA reductase 活性與降低本體脂蛋白B 濃度，而降低血清總膽固醇與低密度脂蛋白膽固醇的濃度，同時MDA 濃度顯著降低；合併給予輔酶Q10 可延緩低密度脂蛋白之氧化，有助降低動脈粥狀硬化之發生或進展。

關鍵字

高膽固醇血症 ； 紅麴,輔酶Q10 ； 脂質過氧化 ； 本體脂蛋白B

並列摘要

Recent studies showed a possibly interruption of monacolins, active compounds of Monascus rice powder, on coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis. Since the benefits of cholesterol-lowing effect on Monascus rice powder has been
revealed, the utilization of coenzyme Q10 still remains controversial. Thus, a clinical trial was conducted to investigate lipid-lowering and antioxidative effects of combined red yeast rice extract and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
supplementation on hypercholesterolemic subjects.
24 subjects were recruited and supplemented by Monascus products for 4 months, which contained monacolin K 20mg. Blood samples were collected every months for lipids, apolipoprotein B, coenzyme Q10 and α-tocopherol determination. Forty subjects were recruited and were randomly divided into three groups such as Monascus rice powder 500 mg (M), equivalent to monacolins 12 mg; Monascus rice powder 500 mg plus CoQ10 30 mg (MQ), and Monascus rice powder 1 g plus CoQ10 60 mg (HMQ) by different doses supplementation. The supplementations administrated for 6 weeks, blood samples were collected every two weeks for cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) lag time, and TBARS(Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) determination.
Results showed that the subjects had lower serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B concentration after four months of supplementation. Moreover, there were no alterations on high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level and α-tocopherol level. After one months supplementation, the concentration of plasma coenzyme Q10 significant decreased. In LDL-lag time, the data displayed a significant slower production
of conjugated dienes in all groups after six weeks of supplementation. However, in CoQ10 supplementing groups, the effect sustained after ceasing supplementation for two weeks. The concentration of plasma MDA level significant decreased in all groups after six weeks of supplementation.
The results confirmed the lipid-lowering effects of monacolins by inhibiting Hydroxymethyl glutaryl CoA reductase (HMG CoA reductase) activity and decreasing the concentration serum apolipoprotein B. Furthermore, addition of at least 30 mg CoQ10 could significantly enhance LDL antioxidative capacity in hypercholesterolemic subjects.

並列關鍵字

hypercholesterolemia ； Monascus ； coenzyme Q10 ； lipid peroxidation ； apolipoprotein B

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