補充磷蝦油合併紅麴對高脂血症受試者血脂質及生物膜組成之影響

Effects of krill oil in combination with monascus rice supplementation on serum lipid profiles and biological membrane composition of hyperlipidemic subjects

陳惠雯(Huei-Wen Chen)

指導教授 ： 謝榮鴻

臺北醫學大學/公共衛生暨營養學院/保健營養學研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

研究指出，磷蝦油(krill oil, KO)因富含n-3多元不飽和脂肪酸(n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, n-3 PUFA)具有降低三酸甘油酯(triglyceride, TG)或膽固醇(Total cholesterol, TC)的效果；紅麴(monascus rice)因含有monacolin K等成份而具有降低TC的功能。本實驗目的在探討透過磷蝦油合併紅麴之補充改善高膽固醇血症患者血脂質狀況。本實驗分成實驗組與控制組，每組15人，實驗組給予磷蝦油合併紅麴試驗物，每日1400 mg，為期8週，於實驗前後測量其生化數值以評估試驗物介入後對血脂之影響。為瞭解攝入之脂肪酸的生物利用率，分別量測血漿、紅血球細胞膜及白血球粒線體膜之脂肪酸組成。
實驗組於補充試驗物第4及8週後，其血液中低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)、TC及TC/HDL-C (high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)比值皆顯著低於補充前，血液中TC亦顯著低於控制組，補充第8週後，LDL-C顯著低於控制組。兩組於補充前後，其體重、血壓、生理狀況、血糖、急性反應蛋白、BUN、肝功能及LDL之氧化遲滯時間皆無顯著改變。補充第4及8週後，實驗組肌酸酐及尿酸顯著低於補充前。脂質過氧化產物malondialdehyde (MDA)含量，兩組於補充8週後顯著低於補充前。實驗組於補充8週後紅血球細胞膜脂肪酸PUFA組成百分比及n3/n6比值顯著高於補充前，血液中PUFA 組成百分比顯著低於補充前；而白血球粒線體細胞膜脂肪酸組成百分比則沒有顯著差異。
綜合以上結果，補充試驗物磷蝦油合併紅麴可有效降低血液中TC及LDL-C濃度及TC/HDL-C比值之效果，降低罹患心血管疾病之風險；且減少脂質過氧化發生，並同時改變紅血球細胞膜脂肪酸組成，增加n-3 PUFA可利用率，維持體內脂質代謝平衡。

關鍵字

高脂血症 ； 多元不飽和脂肪酸 ； 磷蝦油 ； 紅麴

並列摘要

Many studies indicate that krill oil (KO) is rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) which can lower serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). Monascus rice contains monacolin K and other ingredients which provide beneficial effect on lowering serum TC. This study investigated the effects of supplements of krill oil and monascus rice on hyperlipidemic subjects. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups including the control group and the experimental group, with 15 subjects in each group. The supplement given to experimental group was krill oil and monascus rice, with the dosage 1400 mg/day. During 8 weeks of experimental period, the biochemical values were measured both of before and after the experiment to evaluate the intervention sequential effects. To investigate the bioavailability of ingested fatty acids, fatty acids profiles in plasma, erythrocytes membrane and mitochondrial membrane of leucocytes were determined.
At the 4th and 8th week of intervention, serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum TC, and the ratio of TC to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were all significantly lower than baseline found in the experimental group. Furthermore, serum TC was significantly decreased in the experiment group than control group. After intervention for 8 weeks, serum LDL-C was significantly lower in experimental group than control group. Between experimental periods, no significant difference was found in body weight, blood pressure, physical state, blood glucose, acute reactive protein level, blood urea nitrogen level, liver function and the lag time of LDL. After intervention for 4 and 8 weeks, serum creatinine and uric acid level were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to baseline. And the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma was significantly lower than baseline in the both groups after 8 weeks intervention. After 8 weeks, both of PUFA proportion and n3/n6 ratio in measured fatty acids of erythrocytes membrane were significantly higher than in baseline in the experimental group, and the percentage of PUFA of measured fatty acid composition in blood showed significantly decreased compared to baseline in the experiment group. However, the fatty acid profiles of leucocytes mitochondrial membrane showed no significant difference.
In conclusion, these results suggest that krill oil and monascus rice supplements decrease the plasma levels of serum TC and LDL-C, and ratio of TC/HDL-C, which reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease. Besides, the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membrane is changed, may increase the bioavailability of n3 PUFA and provide the beneficial effects of n3/n6 PUFA metabolic balance.

並列關鍵字

Hyperlipidemia ； Krill oil ； Monascus rice ； PUFA

參考文獻

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