製造價值網路評價模式

Modeling and Evaluation of Manufacturing Value Network

林玉華(Yu-Hua Lin)

指導教授 ： 鄭元杰

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/博士(2005年)

摘要

摘要
受限於組織疆界而無法充分運用製造資源的效能，將成為企業發展的瓶頸所在。由於各供應商成員立場、組織利害關係皆不大相同的情況下，供應商基於自利行為，可能隱瞞不利資訊，致無法事先對產品成本、品質或其他因素進行正確評價。
故本研究乃旨在發展一種「製造價值網路模式」，以協助企業建置協同製造商務體系。首先考量協同製造價值鏈下的多重成本為績效指標，應用灰決策理論來評價各廠，做為協力廠商工作指派的標準。次則，針對製造價值鏈的資源配置問題，進行多廠的初步產能與技術的篩選，亦即依訂單要求設檢驗項目，進行各廠之試作樣品評估，並使用灰關聯來評估相關數據，以構建有效的製造價值鏈。灰色系統理論主要是針對系統模型不明確、資訊不完整的情況下，進行系統的灰關聯分析及模型建構，以了解系統的特徵及行為。
因而，本研究為了避免資訊不對稱所造成價值鏈夥伴的困擾或風險，乃運用灰決策理論中的灰色預測模型與灰色關聯分析理論來達成「資訊不對稱的縮減」，以便整合上、下游協力廠商之生產製造資源，希冀藉由此種模式的建置，來達成即時反應市場需求的製造資源配適機制，以強化企業產能機動能力。再則，針對供應商之遴選問題，對所有決策準則進行層級程序分析，得出決策者對各個備選方案的偏好資訊，以綜整出其優先順序；並根據產品製造的加工特徵定義生產設備負載的關聯矩陣，然後，再進行灰關聯度的量測，做為供應商工作指派的評價標準。最後，則以資料包絡分析法衡量各供應商經營績效。研究結果顯示：建構以製造價值鏈為基礎的「製造價值網路模式」，可以協助企業靈活應用承諾資源與彈性資源來整合企業內外部製造資源，將有助提昇企業競爭力。

關鍵字

協同商務、製造價值網路、灰決策、層級程序分析法、資料包絡分析法。

並列摘要

The efficiency of manufacturing resources that cannot be fully manipulated due to confinement of organizational boundaries will become a bottleneck for business development. However, the organizational dominance among the members is significantly different, and suppliers may conceal disadvantageous information based on egoism. As a result, we are not capable of conducting a prior assessment of production costs, quality, or other factors. Grey System Theory is focused on implementation of the grey relational analysis and its model under an indefinite systemic model and incomplete information to discuss the system’s characteristics and behaviors. To prevent confusion or risks from occurring to the value chain partners due to information asymmetry, the Grey Prediction Model and Grey Relational Analysis in Grey decision making theory are therefore applied to achieve “shrink of information asymmetry”. With this approach, we can integrate production/manufacturing resources of up- and down-stream companies to attain a manufacturing distribution mechanism that will respond to market needs quickly for consolidation of the organizational production mobility. Therefore, this research is aimed to develop a Manufacturing Value Network Model to assist industries in implementing an integrated manufacturers’ business system. First of all, multi-cost for performance characteristic with integrated manufacturing-value chain will be considered, and the Grey Decision Making theory for assessment to standardize suppliers’ job assignment will be adopted. Secondly, focusing on sources allocation of manufacturing-value chain, the initial step of multi-plant productivity and technical selection will be undertaken. It means that in according to inspection items listed on the order request, tested samples will be assessed at respective factories, as well as with Grey Decision Making theory to assess related digital data in order to build up an effective manufacturing-value chain. Finally, aiming directly at selection of suppliers, all related analysis of decision criteria will be analyzed in order to obtain decision makers’ bias information toward each spared proposal, and to synthesize priority. And based on production equipment bearing and sustaining related matrix defined by processing distinctive features of products manufacturing, thereafter, measurement of Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is undertaken to conduct an assessment criteria for suppliers’ job assignment. Results of this research are evident. It is able to assist industries in taking charge of suppliers’ selection and appropriate job assignment, and, in the long run, we evaluate performance of these suppliers with the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Meantime, in effectively proceeding economic analysis of suppliers’ management, as well as in establishing an integrated business operating model based on manufacturing-value chain.

並列關鍵字

Multi-plant manufacturing ； Grey decision making ； Manufacturing Value Network ； Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) ； Analytic Hierarch