乳化型液膜程序中W/O乳液之超過濾分離

Application of Ultrafiltration to the Separation of W/O Emulsions in the Liquid Surfactant Membrane Process

江建德(Jiann Der Jiang)

指導教授 ： 莊先生

元智大學/工程學院/化學工程與材料科學學系/碩士(1992年)

摘要

本論文就超過濾法應用於分離乳化型液膜程序中W/O乳液之可行性進行研
究。本實驗選用Watts Ni bath rinse solution作為處理系統(一種電鍍
液),典型的Watts配方為每100 mL 中[NiSO]=240-340 g, [NiCl]=30-60 g
及[HBO]=30-40 g,實驗時直接稀釋。此外以Span 80 (Sorbitan
monooleate)為界面活性劑, HSO 為接受液, D2EHPA為萃取劑。本文首先
探討D2EHPA 萃取鎳離子的萃取平衡, 以n-Heptane 為有機溶劑時,鎳複合
物的組成為NiA(HA), 其萃取平衡常數為10*10M; 另以 kerosene 為有機
溶劑時,鎳複合物的組成為NiA(HA)和NiA(HA), 其萃取平衡常數分別為
1.16*10M和5.81*10M。超過濾法分離W/O 乳液實驗方面, 先從不同溶劑
n-Heptane、Xylene、Kerosene中,找到最適當的溶劑n-Heptane, 再由不
同超過濾薄膜YM10、YM30、PM10中,找出最適當的薄膜YM10, 接著尋找出
最適當的過濾槽攪拌速率為300 rpm, 最適當的薄膜驅動力為1 atm。最後
改變進料液、膜相及接受液三者之間的體積比、均質攪拌機的攪拌速率,
界面活性劑濃度及萃取劑濃度,以尋求最佳的操作條件。

關鍵字

乳化型液膜 ； 超過濾 ； 金屬離子廢水 ； W/O乳液

並列摘要

In this paper, the possibility of the application of
ultrafilitration(UF) to the separation of W/O emulsions from
external phase was investigated in the liquid surfatant
membrane process. A diluted Watts Ni bath solution was selected
as the feed solution. A typical formulation of Watts Ni bath
solution is: [NiSO]=240-340 g/L, [NiCl]=30-60 g/L, and
[HBO]=30-40 g/L. Span 80 (sorbitan monooleate), HSOand di(2-
ethylhexyl)-phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) were used as the
surfactant, receiving solution and extractant. In this work,
the extration equilibrium of nickel with D2EHPA was studied at
298K. For n-heptane diluent, the composition of the extracted
species was determined to be NiA(HA) and the extraction
equilibrium constant to be 1.40*10M; Moreover, for kerosene
diluent, the composition of the extracted species were
determined to be NiA(HA) and NiA(HA) and the extraction
equilibrium constant to be 1.16*10M and 5.81*10M, respectively.
In the separation of W/O emulsions with UF, the solvent n-
heptane and the Amicon hydrophilic membrane YM10 were used.
Furthermore, a stirring speed in UF cell of 300 rpm and an
applied pressure of 1 atm were selected. The optima operation
conditions were then determined by examining factors that
affecting the separation efficiency including the volume ratios
among feed, membrane and receiving phases, the stirring speed
of homogenizer, and the amounts of extractant and surfactant.

並列關鍵字

Liquid surfactant membrane ； Ultrafiltration ； Metal ion