W/O/W乳化液膜系統中薄膜過濾W/O乳液之濾速改善研究

Flux Recovery in Membrane Filtration of W/O Emulsions in W/O/W Emulsion Liquid Membranes

謝兆琳(Chao-Lin Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 莊瑞鑫

元智大學/工程學院/化學工程與材料科學學系/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2012.00080

摘要

本篇論文選用W/O/W乳化液膜進行金屬銅、鋅離子萃取分離之研究，並使用膜過濾分離W/O乳液回收，接續進行過濾膜的表面改質與改善濾速研究。由於萃取分離過程中以乳化液膜的穩定度是關鍵程序，本研究首先以統計學裡的實驗設計法進行初步探討，並以分離係數作為反應值，以決定製作乳液的操作條件( D2EHPA 0.1M、Span 80 3 vol-%、外水相pH 3.0及乳水體積比7)，確保乳化液膜在穩定狀態下進行萃取過濾實驗。
後續過濾實驗，研究選用PVDF薄膜進行恆壓過濾，因其為疏水性薄膜，結垢及吸附現象顯著，故此，本研究使用大氣純氬氣電漿(150 W、150 s、10 mm及10 slm)及添加甲烷氬氣電漿(200 sccm、150 W、150 s、10 mm及10 slm)進行薄膜表面改質，將其薄膜改質為親水性膜材，並以SEM及CLSM觀察表面型態的變化，實驗發現透過電漿改質後其薄膜孔徑改變甚巨，且並將以阻力串聯模式分析其濾速行為，探討薄膜改質前後之各種阻力變化。
因前述之電漿改質會改變薄膜孔徑，後以遙距式氬氣電漿(150 W、150 s、15 mm及10 slm)及遙距式添加甲烷氬氣電漿(200 sccm、150 W、150 s、15 mm及10 slm)進行表面改質，並加以分析。由分析結果得知，本研究之總阻力以吸附阻力為主，隨透膜壓力的增加濾餅阻力也逐漸上升；經電漿改質過濾薄膜後之薄膜本身阻力及吸附阻力皆有明顯下降。

關鍵字

乳化式液膜 ； 實驗設計 ； 超過濾 ； 電漿表面改質 ； 阻力串聯模式 ； 濾速改善

並列摘要

This research used W/O/W emulsion liquid membrane to extract and separate zinc and copper ions, and recover W/O emulsion through filtration. To improve its limiting flux characteristics, microporous poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane (PVDF) was surface-modified by cyclonic atmospheric-pressure plasma. Owing to the importance of the stability of the emulsion liquid membrane in extraction and separation process, this study determines the D.O.E (design of experiments) to discuss the experimental conditions (D2EHPA 0.1M、Span 80 3vol-%、external phase pH 3.0 and treatment ratio 7) of the emulsion to ensure the emulsion liquid membrane was stable while carrying out filtration and extraction experiments.
The study used PVDF ultrafiltration membrane in Dead-end system due to its feature as a hydrophobic material which could result significantly in the membrane fouling and adsorption phenomenon. Thus, it was modified the membrane surface by atmospheric argon plasma treatment (150 W、150 s、10 mm、10 slm) and argon mixed methane plasma treatment(200 sccm、150 W、150 s、15 mm、10 slm). Next, the resistance-in-series model was used to analyze the variation of the modified and un-modified membrane.
Because the plasma treatment causes the enlarged membrane pore size, so we modified the membrane surface by remoted plasma treatment to avoid the pore size change. In the analysis, the membrane resistance and adsorption resistance decreased after plasma surface modification. On the other hand, in the resistance-in-series model, the Cake resistances were increased depended on the transmembrane pressure.

並列關鍵字

Plasma modification ； Resistance-in-series model ； Flux improvement ； Emulsion liquid membrane ； Design of experiments ； Ultrafiltration

參考文獻

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