軟體工程技術標準實際應用效用之分析方法

Techniques for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Software Engineering Standards

王有利(Yu-Li Wang)

指導教授 ： 范金鳳教授

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊工程學系/碩士(2001年)

摘要

軟體工程技術標準對發展者與顧客來說，都是在軟體發展、採購、驗收等相關工作的重要參考依據，而標準的內容影響軟體發展工作的效率、產品的品質，甚至是資源的分配運作，所以其影響力不容忽視。由於在一個軟體發展的過程當中，所能參考引用的標準往往不僅僅只有唯一的標準，而如何在如此多的標準中選擇軟體發展適合的標準，又如何確定所選擇的標準是有效的、合適的就變得十分的重要。如果能有效的分析評估標準實際應用的效用，便能減少在發展時所會產生的缺失與提高標準的使用效率。
在本研究中，則針對這樣的問題提供了一套標準實際應用效用的分析方法，在我們的方法中，我們結合了靜態與動態部分的分析，靜態部分我們則採取利用XML超文件的優點，重新建立標準的結構，提供一套分析準則進行標準分析，而在動態的模擬部分則是以軟體生命週期程序模擬為主要的發展程序，提供一個通用性的軟體程序模型，並利用UML建構出一通用性與具可重複使用性的程序模擬框架，以進行動態的模擬，在藉由這樣模擬的工具，進行不同軟體程序的模擬，並透過改變影響專案品質的各項因素與標準中所重視的議題，藉由觀察模擬的結果以分析標準實際應用的有效性，以供專案發展或評估者參考。為了顯示出在本研究中方法的有效性，因此將以IEEE1012-1986年版與IEEE1012-1998年版的比較為一個應用案例進行探討。

關鍵字

軟體工程技術標準 ； 軟體程序模擬 ； 靜態分析 ； 動態模擬 ； 有效性 ； 效用 ； 模擬框架

並列摘要

For developers or customers, software engineering technical standards are important references for related activities of software development, acquisition and acceptance. These standards have considerable impacts on the efficiency of software development process, the quality of software products, and even the way that resources will be used. How to choose an appropriate standard from so many existing software industrial standards and whether the chosen standard is effective and suitable are important questions. The efficiency of software engineering standards needs to be evaluated so as to improve their application effects and these to improve software quality.
In our research, we provided a systematic approach to evaluate the effectiveness of software engineering standards. In our method, we combined static and dynamic analyses. We utilized XML markup to tag the structure of the standards, and followed a set of criteria to analyze standards. For dynamic analysis, we developed a software life cycle process simulator. We first designed a generic and reusable process simulation framework in UML. Using it, we can simulate different software processes and plug in different formulas and data to observe the effects of various factors affecting software quality so as to evaluate the effectiveness of the examined standards. A case study comparing IEEE1012-1986 with IEEE1012-1998 version was also presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.

並列關鍵字

Software Engineering Standards ； Software process simulation ； Static analysis ； Dynamic analysis ； Effectiveness ； UML Simulation Framework ； UML

參考文獻

[1] Norman E. Fenton and Martin Neil, “A Strategy for Improving Safety Related Software Engineering Standards”, IEEE transactions on software engineering, vol. 24, no. 11,November 1998

[2] Debra Herrmann, “A Methodology for Evaluating, Comparing and Selecting Software Safety and Reliability Standards”, IEE COMPASS, pp 223-231, 1995

[3] Ian Somerville and Stephen Viller, “Safety-crutucal System Programme Process Comparison”, http://www.aber.ac.uk/~dcswww/SCSP/reports/lancs.htm

[4] Shinji Kusumoto , “A New Software Project Simulator Based on Generalized Stochastic Petri-net”, Proceeding of 19th International Conference on Software Engineering, pp 293-302, 1997.

[5] Chi Y. Lin, “Software —Engineering Process Simulation Model (SEPS)”,J. SYSTEM SOFTWARE , 38,pp.263-277, 1997.