雙發動機飛機展延航程作業航線與機隊選擇之研究

The Study on Air Routes of Extended-range with Twin-engine Airplanes Operations and Aircraft Dispatch Selection

黃崇熙(Chorng-Shi Hwang)

指導教授 ： 丁慶榮 博士

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2004年)

摘要

航空客運乃世界經貿商務及國際旅遊業的最佳選擇，但於世界經濟下滑、恐怖活動猖獗及病毒疫情不斷湧現之際，航空客運業者，如何於競爭激烈的環境中謀求利潤，為業者最重要的議題，其航線設計及機隊派遣的中、長期規劃，是影響航空公司整體營運的重要因素。因此，航空客運業者在面對不同營運環境時，須及時做出因應之策略，方能使航空公司永續生存並於穩定中求發展。
本研究目的為考量航空客運業於承載率不佳之時期，以雙發動機之窄體客機，取代四發動機之廣體客機；針對個案航空公司的台北、東京與檀香山航班中取得旅客實際搭乘數據資料，依數據驗證分析所顯示之情況，用以修正航線的設計及機隊的派遣，使航空公司之成本開銷最小，並確保服務品質及旅客對航空公司的忠誠度。
本研究利用實驗設計的方法，針對個案航空公司所蒐集旅客實際搭乘數據，以統計軟體進行分期驗證分析，使之營運成效量化呈現，並篩選出適合的時期，以波音737-800客機取代波音747-400客機，並規劃以波音737-800機隊，執行東京、檀香山區間以雙發動機飛機展延航程作業(ETOPS)120分鐘太平洋越洋飛航計畫。於考量每種機隊派遣規劃下的成本關係，並利用各種規劃成本的比較，獲得目前最佳的機隊派遣，並進行航空公司相關未來工作計畫的擬定。

關鍵字

ETOPS ； 窄體客機 ； 廣體客機 ； 機隊選擇 ； 實驗設計

並列摘要

The airline industry is very dependent on passenger revenues to maintain its financial viability. However, after 911 attack, Bali attack, War between Iraq and USA, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak, there is heavy damage to the global airline industry. To reduce the further financial trouble, an airline could change a low demand route with wide-body aircraft to a narrow-body (two-engine) aircraft. With a two-engine aircraft to fly cross ocean, FAA requires the airliner to follow the Extended-Range Twin-Engine Operations (ETOPS) requirement. Without an ETOPS rating, an aircraft with only two engines must be able to get to an airport where it can safely land within 60 minutes if an engine fails in-flight.
The aim of this study is to check whether a route is suitable for replacing a wide-body aircraft to a narrow-body aircraft during low demand periods. If such a condition exists, an ETOPS-120 route will be suggested with an en route alternate airport between the origin and destination. We collect the historical data of one route (from Taipei via Tokyo to Honolulu) from an international airline during the period from 2001/10 to 2003/6. During these time periods, the airline faces different circumstance: competition from other airlines, 911 attack, SARS outbreak. We found out during the SARS outbreak, the demand is so low that a narrow-body aircraft can serve the route and reduce the cost for the airline. For such a aircraft to serve the route, an ETOPS-120 certificate is required and the alternate airport at Midway is selected.
ETOPS flights are on an increasing trend in the Asia/Pacific Region. By adding these long-range airplanes with fewer seats, operators could offer the traveling public more choices between existing city pairs by increasing the number of flights and providing a wider variety of departure times. However, airplane availability affects operators'' strategies and the type of service they provide. We do not take the whole airline service network into account in this research, but we believe that ETOPS will likely allow operators to increase the flight frequency between existing city pairs, and increase airlines’ competitive edge.

並列關鍵字

ETOPS ； Narrow-body aircraft ； Wide-body aircraft ； Aircraft dispatch selection

參考文獻

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