生物科技發展下台灣製藥產業之經營現況與策略

Present Situation and Competitive Strategy of Taiwan Pharmaceutical Industry Under Way of Biotechnology

李逢春(Feng-Chen Lee)

指導教授 ： 郭文忠 ； 徐學忍

元智大學/管理學院/管理研究所/碩士(2003年)

摘要

2000年，來自官方的「人類基因組計劃」與民間的Celera基因公司，首度宣佈解開人類基因圖譜。至當前2003年，預計人類的基因圖譜將將被全面解碼，而帶動生物科技的全面發展，發展不過30年的生物科技產業，已展現它驚人的成長能力；期望未來能將基因體學的知識，活用在疾病治療之上，以造福無數的家庭與人類。
與生物科技息息相關的製藥產業，由於人類基因圖譜的解碼，在新藥的開發模式上，有了重大的改變。傳統藥品的開發主要是利用化學技術合成，依據已知或推測藥性的化合物，以有機合成方法改變分子結構，以期能創造出具有更佳藥效的產品。先導藥品由於未知其藥效，因此必須經臨床前試驗確認藥效與安全性，此種試誤法(try and error)的方式，探索新的先導藥物（lead drug），再研究確認疾病原因（target）。
人類基因圖譜的解碼，為傳統製藥產業的困境提提供一個新藥開發的模式，科學家們得以利用大量的target，按邏輯開順序發新藥，研究導致疾病原因 (target) 為何，再開發的有效先導藥物（lead drug），減短有效藥物探索階段所需的時間。
製藥產業乃是生物科技產業的核心，但由於台灣市場規模太小，產品只限於國內市場，競爭非常激烈。與製藥產業的密切相關的生技產業結構不完整，缺乏研發、動物試驗、臨床試驗，政府藥品審查機構，是本產業困境之一。但慢慢地也已經有一些本土廠商，在產業內找到競爭優勢，生產出具有國際競爭力的產品。
本研究以生物科技公司與跨國大藥廠的發展過程為背景，以跨國藥廠經營模式為標竿，藉由個案探討方式與之比較，以生物科技產業的特性、智慧財產權的管理與運用策略、研發創新、國家創新系統、新興生技公司與傳統製藥公司策略聯盟、政府政策等六個構面，剖析製藥產業競爭態勢，試圖探討我國製藥業，所運用之競爭策略內涵，為台灣製藥產業提出經營策略之建議。

關鍵字

生物科技產業 ； 製藥產業 ； 經營策略

並列摘要

Human Genome Project, led by National Human Genome Research Institute of US government, an international research project to draft map of each human gene, had completed sequence human DNA in 2000. The Biotech firm of Celera Genomic announced its success on the sequence human DNA as well. In April 2003, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium is announcing an essentially finished version of the human genome sequence that brings up terrific prospects to biological technology industry for the future.
Biological technology industry has shown great potential capability in its only 30 years history. People expect that an evolving technique of biological technology used to treat inherited diseases and benefit those who are gene disorders.
After draft of the human genome map is completed, the new drug research and development model has been changed in the Pharmaceutical industry which is highly related to biological technology, In the traditional way to develop new drug is to use the technology of chemical component to develop lead drug for innovating more effective of new drug. Due to effectiveness of lead drug can’t be absolutely validated; it is necessary to implement pre-clinical study for ensure lead drug effectiveness and safety. By this way of try and error, scientists can explore the lead drug firstly and then verify its target.
The completion of human gene map provides new model of new drug research and development. Scientist use more than 50,000 of targets to explore and develop new drug according to logical sequence to explore the cause of disease and then develop the lead drug as required. New model will reduce time of new drug R&D.
The pharmaceutical industry is the core of biological technology. While, pharmaceutical market scale in Taiwan is quite small; it is limited in the competitive domestic market. Highly depends on biological technology of pharmaceutical industry is not well organized, lack of research and development capability, animal test, clinical research and study, incompletion of drug monument regulation. However, there are some firms in Taiwan have successfully built up its competitive advantage and develop its products on the niche market.
This research report is on the basis of the biotechnology industrial related benchmark of multinational pharmaceutical business model to explore its key successful factors with cases study. From 6 dimensions of characters of biological technology, intellectual property strategic management, research and development of innovation, national innovation system, collaborative alliance between new biological firm and existing pharmaceutical corporate, and government policy analysis its competitive situation. This report attempt to find out competitive strategies for local pharmaceutical firms, and provide the proposal of business strategies.

並列關鍵字

HASH(0xbbb0f5c)

參考文獻

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