家長式領導型態、工作滿足與組織承諾關係之研究 : 以護理人員為例

A Study of Relationship among Paternalistic Leadership, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: A Case Study on nurses

游麗芳(Li-Fang Yu)

指導教授 ： 李弘暉博士

元智大學/管理學院/管理研究所/碩士(2004年)

摘要

西方所發展的各種領導理論確實可以提供相當多的助益及啟發，但基於文化上的差異，東方華人社會依據中華文化傳統與家族制度，發展出家長式領導（paternalistic leadership）理論。然而，在醫療機構裡，護理人員佔了約一半人數又幾乎都是女性，對家長式領導的感受如何？本研究針對台北縣三家區域醫院護理人員為對象，以家長式領導為預測變項，以工作滿足、組織承諾為效標變項，目的在探究家長式領導對護理人員工作滿足及組織承諾的相互間的關係。
本研究以問卷施測方式進行資料收集，問卷來源是依據以往相關領域研究者所編製的量表。研究樣本共收集248份有效資料，資料分析方法主要以描述性統計、t檢定、相關分析及迴歸分析進行假設驗證。
研究結果顯示，護理人員對護理長之家長式德行及仁慈領導感受較高，威權領導感受較低；對於家長式德行及仁慈領導型態與工作滿足及組織承諾間達正向顯著水準；而家長式威權領導型態與工作滿足及組織承諾間具負向顯著相關。此外，外在滿足、德行領導及內在滿足對組織承諾有最佳預測效果。另外學歷越高，價值承諾及組織承諾越低，努力承諾則未達顯著水準；有子女者組織承諾較高。
最後，根據研究結論對護理行政主管及未來研究方向提出具體建議供參考。

關鍵字

家長式領導 ； 工作滿足 ； 組織承諾 ； 護理人員

並列摘要

In the development of many kinds of the western leadership theories, there were certainly provide a lot of help and inspiration. Owing to the differences of culture, the eastern Chinese societies develop paternalistic leadership theories which depend on tradition of Chinese culture and family system. However, in the medical organization, there have one half people of staff nurses and they are almost female. How to experience to the paternalistic leadership? In this research, we use the samples from staff nurses in three hospitals in Taipei County. We treat the paternalistic leadership as a independent variable, and the job satisfaction, organizational commitment as dependent variable. The purpose of this research is to find out the relationships among paternalistic leadership, job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
Questionnaire survey is the way to collect data for this research. The compilation of questionnaire is according to the scale which is compiled by formerly researchers of the related field. There are 248 pieces questionnaire being gathered. The main methods of analysis are to take hypothetic-verification by descriptive statistics, t test, co-relational analysis, and regression analysis.
The conclusions of this research prove that the staff nurses feel to the head nurse of paternalistic leadership of benevolence and moral rather authoritarianism. The paternalistic leadership of benevolence and moral, satisfaction and organizational commitment have positive relative. But the paternalistic leadership of authoritarianism, satisfaction and organizational commitment have negative relative. In addition, job satisfaction and moral leadership has better effect to organizational commitment. Over and above, high education has low organizational commitment and have children is high organizational commitment.
Finally, based on the result of research, some concrete suggestions could provide to the head nurse and future research in reference.

並列關鍵字

paternalistic leadership ； job satisfaction ； organizational commitment ； staff nurse