臺灣加入WTO後對視覺藝術產業之影響暨因應之道

THE INFLUENCES AND REMEDIAL MERASURES ON THE INDUSTRY OF VISUAL ARTS IN TAIWAN AFTER PARTICIPATING IN THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION

嚴碧梅(Pi-mei Yan)

指導教授 ： 王德育

元智大學/人文社會學院/藝術管理研究所/碩士(2003年)

摘要

臺灣已於今（二○○二）年一月一日正式加入WTO，將來各種產業可能會因此而受到影響，因為WTO揭櫫的原則為貿易的公開化與透明化，以利資本的快速累積及移動，臺灣的視覺藝術產業原來即不甚健全，因此加入WTO後，應該思考如何在因應這股全球化現象時，同時維持固有文化，並加強臺灣藝術市場的競爭力。本研究大致針對以下幾個範疇來討論：因應臺灣加入WTO，視覺藝術產業之對外開放究竟會產生何種影響？相關單位又該如何因應？此外，臺灣與中國大陸均成為WTO會員後，將如何相互適用WTO規範？
本研究主要在探討加入WTO後對視覺藝術產業的影響，並提出因應之道，除了前言部分略述研究目的之外，主要分為四章，第一章主要先了解加入WTO之前臺灣視覺產業的現況，第二章係在對WTO原則及規範作一討論與了解，透過了解WTO的規範及條文，找出其中與視覺藝術產業相關的條文，並進而了解視覺藝術產業在WTO架構下應遵循的規範。第三章主要從WTO對臺灣視覺藝術產業在政策法規層面的影響，以及藉由討論國內現行藝術相關法規與WTO條文不同之處，而後再對加入WTO後對視覺藝術產業環境的影響作一分析。第四章則是透過了解WTO規範以及整個視覺藝術產業的生態後，提出因應之道。
本研究發現WTO對臺灣視覺藝術產業沒有直接的衝擊，但是間接面仍然有影響，尤其是中國大陸對臺灣的影響最大，因為從過去到現在，臺灣對中國大陸方面仍有許多限制，但臺灣與中國大陸皆加入WTO後，必須秉持互惠及不歧視原則，對所有WTO會員不能有太多貿易的壁壘，因此未來的大陸政策必須放寬，以符合WTO的規範及原則。未來開放後，中國大陸的藝術家、藝術品及業者即可自由來臺，如此對臺灣視覺藝術產業及藝術家而言將造成衝擊。最後，針對WTO可能造成的影響提出因應，並論及對視覺藝術產業的建言。

關鍵字

世界貿易組織 ； 視覺藝術產業

並列摘要

Taiwan being accepted as a member of World Trade Organization (WTO) on January 1st, 2002, is bound to have a dramatic impact on various industries in Taiwan, because the principles announced by WTO aim at making the trade transactions open and transparent so as to facilitate the capitals being accumulated and transferred quickly. However, the concurrent industrial environment of visual arts in Taiwan is not solid enough to face the challenge of joining WTO. It is therefore an urgent issue to think about how to cope with this trend of globalization and to strengthen the competing ability of art market in Taiwan while maintaining our indigenous culture. This study surveys two major categories: first, what influences will there be on the industry of the visual arts in Taiwan after participating in WTO; second, how to adjust the regulations after Taiwan and Mainland China both partake in WTO.
The aim of this study is to research the impacts on the industry of the visual arts after Taiwan joins WTO and to seek for the remedial measures. The first chapter is to understand the current market of the visual arts in Taiwan prior to partaking in WTO. The second chapter is to examine the principles of WTO and its regulations concerning the visual arts, and to comprehend the directions within the framework of WTO to be taken by the market of the visual arts. In the third chapter, discussions first focus on the influence of WTO on the policy and law making regarding the visual arts in Taiwan. The discrepancies between the existing regulations concerning arts in Taiwan and those of WTO are fully expounded as well, through which an analysis is made on the possible impact on the industry of the visual arts in Taiwan in the WTO era. In the fourth chapter, some remedial measures are proposed by reconciling the WTO regulations and the present circumstances of the industry of the visual arts in Taiwan.
It is the discovery of this study that, although joining WTO results in no immediate and direct impact on the industry of the visual arts in Taiwan, there is still an indirect one to count for, especially that of China on Taiwan. In the past, there had been a number of regulations on the part of Taiwan against imports from China. After joining WTO, however, both parties have to abide by the principles of mutual benefit and indiscrimination. As it is no longer allowable for the members of WTO to set up too many barriers, and our policy over Mainland China has to be modified in accordance with the WTO regulations. As artists, works of art, and art dealers from Mainland China can enter Taiwan freely in the future, there will be some foreseeable impacts on Taiwan. This study thus concludes with some suggestions as how to cope with the new situation.

並列關鍵字

World Trade Organization ； WTO ； INDUSTRY OF VISUAL ARTS

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