電子連接器接觸彈簧形態最佳化設計

Shape optimal design of the contact springs of a connector

徐元展(Yuan-Chan Hsu)

指導教授 ： 徐業良

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2000年)

摘要

電子連接器的功能在提供一可分離的介面，來連接電子系統內部的兩個子系統，其中接觸彈簧為最關鍵的元件。以機械力學的觀點而言，在連接器裝配時，產生在接觸界面上的正向接觸力，是由接觸彈簧所提供。然而連接器在製造時的設計需求中存在同時需要高正向接觸力與低插入力的矛盾。特別是現今的積體電路與印刷電路板的設計中，都設計了大量的接腳來作訊號傳輸，因此插入力便會提高，增加裝配與其他構裝方面的困擾。我們能藉著重新設計接觸彈簧的幾何形狀來降低插入力，但同時正向接觸力也會降低。
本論文以一連接器接觸彈簧為例，找出此接觸彈簧的最佳形態。建構有限元素分析模型分析PCB插入接觸彈簧的過程，算出接觸彈簧的最大插入力與正向接觸力。討論影響接觸彈簧插入力的參數。接著將接觸彈簧的形態參數化與最佳化，在符合正向接觸力的設計規格下，求出最小插入力的接觸彈簧形態。在本論文的例子中，插入力比原設計減低了30％。

關鍵字

連接器 ； 接觸彈簧 ； 正向接觸力 ； 插入力 ； 形態最佳化

並列摘要

A connector provides a separable interface between two subsystems of an electronic system. The contact spring is probably the most critical component in a connector. Mechanically, the contact spring provides the contact normal force, which establishes the contact interface as the connector is mated. However, connector manufacturers have a basic struggle between the need for high normal contact forces and low insertion forces. In particular, designing connectors with large number of pins that are used with today’s integrated circuits and printed circuit boards often faces the difficulty caused by the associated rise in connector insertion force. It is possible to lower the insertion force of a connector by redesigning the geometry of the contact spring, but this also means a decrease in contact normal force.
This paper presents an example of finding the optimal shape of the contact spring of a connector. The process of the insertion of a PCB into the contact springs of a connector is modeled by finite element analysis. The maximum insertion force and the contact normal force are calculated. The effects of the parameters are discussed. The shape of the contact springs is then parameterized and optimized. The required insertion force is minimized while the normal contact force is maintained at a specified value. In our example, the insertion force is reduced to 30% of that of the original design.

並列關鍵字

connector ； contact spring ； contact normal force ； insertion force ； shape optimal design