信任在網絡(雙方)統制結構之角色

The Role of Trust in the Governance Structure of Networking (Bilateral) System

葉勇助(Yeh Yung-chu)

指導教授 ： 羅家德老師

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊社會學研究所/碩士(2001年)

摘要

在Williamson著名的“市場與層次”的問題中，其強調最小化交易成本是組織結構的背後邏輯。Granovetter在其鑲嵌觀點?邧h挑戰了Williamson的觀點，認為交易是鑲嵌在社會網絡之中，並且人際產生的信任有助於交易的維持。而本研究在說明交易的六大階段後，發現雙方統制的結構是混雜了市場議價、法律的控制、和IS9000的內部控制管理、技術理性、產業規範和信任關係，雖然信任不是雙方統制當中唯一的機制，但確是必要的一個，其使得成本的分析變得容易，並且不需要訂定太多的懲罰的條款。而在下單方面，信任使得雙方彈性地且相互的協調。品管方面，對於供應商品質的信心也減少品質檢查的成本和努力。在製造管理部份，信任關係使得聯合研發可能並在資產專屬性投資上減少抵押品的避險。在輔導和支援部份，雙方緊密的互動有助於爭端的解決。

關鍵字

統制結構 ； 信任 ； 網絡統制 ； 雙方統制

並列摘要

In Williamson’s famous problem “markets and hierarchies”, minimizing transaction cost is proposed as the rationale behind organizational structuring. Granovetter, in his embeddedness argument, challenged Williamson’s approach. He insisted that any transaction is embedded in social networks, and the trust generated by personal interactions is helpful in discouraging malfeasance. After a careful examination of each step in subcontracting business process of Taiwan’s hi-tech firms, we find that the governance structure of bilateral relational contracts is a mix of market bargaining, legal control, management following IS9000 standard, technology rationale, community norm and trust relationship. Although trust is not the only governance mechanism in bilateral relational contracts, it is without doubt a necessary one. In signing contract and bargaining process, trust makes cost analysis easy and punishment clauses unnecessary. In offering orders, trust makes both sides flexible and willing to coordinate with each other. In QC process, faith on vendor’s quality helps reducing the cost and effort of quality checking. In coordinating production processes, trust relationship makes joint R&D possible and hostage on specific investment unnecessary. In evaluating performance, close interactions between both-side’s executives help settle down disputes.

並列關鍵字

Governance structure ； Trust ； Networking Governance ； Bilateral Governance

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