設計變更對設備成本影響-分析評估模式

The Analytical Evaluation Model of the Influence of the Design Modification on equipment Cost

黃志昌(Huang.chun-chang)

指導教授 ： 鄭元杰

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2005年)

摘要

隨著科技進步，產品的變化快速，不斷的發生設計變更，使得製造用的生產設備，也必須跟隨著變更，才能滿足顧客需求。而設備的設計變更(Design of Modify for Equipment,DME)，涵蓋了產能的規劃及製造的生產流程，使得設備關聯性的機械零件必須變更，而零件的成本部份，以加工、材料及公差配合等相關聯因素，為主要考量對象。因此，要執行設備成本評估 (Equipment of Cost Evaluation , ECE)，就須有一套完整之方法，評估所造成之影響。
本研究，乃是以設備的設計變更為主，提出以群組加工及組裝關聯技術為架構，以達到變更成本為最小之目標規劃。此架構之分析，均以機械設備發生變更之零件為主。涵蓋了零件加工，零件材料，組件之公差配合及組裝等各項成本，研究之方法分成五個步驟實施: 1，零件部品改訂的決策管理，以資料屬性做為判斷。2，群組加工技術(Group Technology)簡化零件加工流程，減少時間。3，功能關聯(Function and Relationship)零件組裝之結合，減少組裝失誤重工。4，成本統計模式(Cost Statistical Model)，加工零件的總成本，包含加工方法、材料、公差配合、品質管理之各項成本。5，決策判斷，評估的最終判斷。最後，用成本統計模式，計算發生之成本，決定是否實施設計變更的考依據。
本文著重於生產設備之變更過程的發生成本之探討，針對設備零件改訂成本進行分析，希望對企業在變更的部份，評估分析生產設備時，能達到的以下之效果：1.以顧客變更需求為目標，強化Market is Speed。2.以最小的評估成本改訂，增加企業的接單及獲利能力。3.資料系統建構，提升管理效率。4.以加工方法及組裝技術分析，確實掌握以最小的成本目標。5.變更決策的判定，分析售價掌握市場需求，使企業減少，因設計變更的成本損失。
關鍵詞: 設備評估、設計變更、群組技術、功能關聯、成本模

關鍵字

設備評估、設計變更、群組技術、功能關聯、成本模式

並列摘要

With the advancement of technology, products are seeing prompt changes with continuous design changes. This pushes the manufacture equipment change in accordance in order to meet customers’ requirements. The Design of Modificaton for Equipment (DME) covers capacity planning and production procedures of manufacture. The equipment related machinery spare parts have to be modified as a result. The main concern of spare part cost is on factors such as processing, materials and tolerances, etc. Therefore, a set of comprehensive approach is required to conduct Equipment of Cost Evaluation (ECE) to evaluate the influences made.
The study aims at design of modification for equipment and proposes the structure of group processing and fabrication related technologies to the goal of minimum modification cost. The analysis is based on the modification for machinery equipment and covers the cost of spare part processing, spare part materials, tolerances of assemblies and fabrication. The approach is conductd in five steps:1.amended decision management of spare part is judged by property of material. 2. Group Technology to simplify the spare part processing procedures and reduce time. 3. assembly of Function and Relationship spare parts fabrication to reduce rework due to fabrication mistakes. 4. Cost Statistical Model—the total cost of processing spare parts, including the cost of processing methods, materials, tolerances, and quality management, etc.5.decision judgment—the final adjustment of evaluation. At the end, we use cost statistical model to calculate the cost and decide whether to conduct design of modification.
The paper emphasizes on the discussion of the cost from modification procedures of manufacture equipment and analysis on the revised cost of equipment of spare parts in order to achieve the following goals during evaluation of manufacture equipment when business are conducing changes:1.setting the goal of customer modification requirements with emphasis on “Market is Speed.2. revising with the minimum cost to increase the capability of obtaining orders and profitability.3.establishing information system to improve management efficiency.4. duly control the minimum cost goal with processing approach and fabrication technology analysis 5. judgment of modification decisions, analysis of selling prices, and controlling the market demands to help business reduce the cost loss due to design of modification.
Key words: Equipment of Evaluation, Design of Modification, Group Technology, Function and Relationship, Cost Statistical Model

並列關鍵字

Equipment of Evaluation, Design of Modification, Group Technology, Function and Relationship,Cost Statistical Mode

參考文獻

13.Huamg ,Cling-Jen and Trappey,Amy.，“ Collaborative Design and Collaborative Product Commerce , Configuration Management , Workflow Management”,Journal of the Chinese Institute of Indrstrial Engineers, 20， 2003。

29.劉孝平，「以「類似技術」建構製造工廠核心製程知識系統之研究」，碩士論文，中原大學企業管理學系，2002。

35.鄭富州，「混合型資料分類法在單元製造系統上的應用」，碩士論文，中原大學應用數學系，2003。

2.Koozer ,J., K.,mass. and Kothuis ,B.，”Demonstration of environmentally and Cost-effective shipping,” Journal of Cleaner Production , 11 , 767-777，2003

3.Diganta , D and Satyandra , K Gupta and Danas , N .，”Generating redesign Suggestions to reduce setup cost , a step towards automated redesign,” Computer-Aided design , 10 , 763-782 , 1996