沖鍛機多連桿機構之運動分析與設計

本論文研究針對沖鍛機之運動機構進行創新之設計改良，即以多連桿機構之設計取代液壓式沖床之慢速加工與續壓效果，優點是能夠藉由連桿式運動特性將生產效率提高，且具液壓式的加工特性，並省去複雜的液壓式管路故障維修。本文內容著重於適合沖鍛加工之機構的運動分析與應力探討。首先將各類型沖壓設備進行運動分析比較，然後利用機構的靜力與運動分析和直線型連桿組合時的運動傳遞特性，將機構合成，並找出沖頭在加工工件時之停留時間與接觸速度等之適合解；並採用有限元素分析軟體，進行輔助分析，以提供強度設計參考；最後藉由實際製造出之沖鍛機與相關測試設備如直線電位計與應變規等，進行運動與應力分析實驗，得各相關數據，再與理論作一探討比較。初步結果為本設計所採用之四連桿與曲炳滑塊等所合成之機構，在本研究中首先加以個別分析，然後利用關聯處之運動特性加以組合，其結果與實驗甚為吻合，其間之些許誤差，肇因於各接點在製造上產生的公差；但對具有高加速度機構的應力分析，利用靜力分析忽略了慣性作用，會有誤差產生。綜合研之，本研究對沖鍛機或沖床等之運動機構設計，提供了一避免嘗試錯誤之有效分析方法，可掌握關鍵設計要點而縮短設計時程。

關鍵字

多連桿機構；機構設計；應力分析

並列摘要

A new concept in designing the kinematic mechanism of a stamping/forging press is presented in the study. A multi-linkage mechanism is used to replace the hydraulic driving system as seen in those traditional hydraulic forging press while keeping the characteristics of a slow working and long standing pressure when processing the sheet metals. The advantage of using multi-linkage mechanism is due to its high productivity and reliability. Since no hydraulics was used so that the complicated and time consuming trouble shooting time can be avoided when the hydraulic system breaks down. The study started from kinematic analysis of the multi-linkage mechanism, then combine it with a linear motion connecting rod to form a complete system. The relative position of the line-link motion is investigated by the static analysis. The suitable solutions such as the stay time and the approaching speed of the ram when processing the work piece were obtained. Finally, a prototype based on the design is manufactured and tested. It is found that the analysis of ram positions and velocity are all very consistent with the experimental results. However, the stress measured is slightly different between them due to the inertial effect of the links at high speed was ignored when performing static analysis. However, this study provides a systematic method in analyzing the kinematic of driving mechanism for the press. Some of the key designing factors can also be fully investigated during the concept design stage. It can then save the trial and error time when designing a stamping/forging machine.

並列關鍵字

multi-linkage design ； mechanism design ； stress analysis

參考文獻

3. J. R. Jones,“An Analogue Computer Aid for the Kinematics Design of a Low Impact Velocity Power Press Mechanism”, Computer Aided Design, pp. 250-254, 1975

4. Baker, J. E, “On the Investigation of Extrema in Linkage Analysis, Using Screw System Algebra ”, Mechanism and Machine Theory, Vol.13, pp. 333-343, 1978

7. J. C. Cheng, D. Kohli, “Synthesis of Mechanisms Including Circuit Defects, Branch Defects and Input-Crank Rotatability”, ASME Mechanical Design and Snthesis, Vol.46, pp. 111-119, 1992

9. S.Yossifon, R.Shivpuri, “Analysis and Comparison of Selected Rotary Linkage Drives for Mechanical Presses”, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 33, pp. 175-192, 1993

10. S.Yossifon, R.Shivpuri, “Optimization of a Double Knuckle Linkage Drive with Constant Mechanical Advantage for Mechanical Presses”, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 33, pp. 193-208, 1993

國際替代計量

沖鍛機多連桿機構之運動分析與設計

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