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  • 學位論文

含裂縫轉子系統之模擬分析

Simulation and Analysis of Cracked Rotor-Bearing Systems

指導教授 : 楊大中
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摘要


裂縫 ( crack ) 對一個具旋轉構件的機器而言,其潛在之危險性是不容 忽視的,尤其是當裂縫位在旋轉構件上,則隨機器運轉,由於動態負荷效 應,更易造成裂縫成長,而加速機器瓦解破壞。因此為了能及早檢測出裂 縫存在,各學者提出不少檢測方法。「振動檢測法 ( vibration monitoring ),即利用含裂縫轉軸在其運轉歷程中,常會有異常現象產生 ,來歸納出轉軸具有裂縫存在之證據。本文以有限元素分析方法,探討具 有橫向裂縫之轉子系統之動態響應。首先是建立一合理之裂縫模型來模擬 裂縫之啟閉效應,結果發現隨轉子轉軸旋轉速度之不同,其所適用之裂縫 模型也會不同。換句話說,我們不能僅用一種裂縫模型來模擬整個裂縫行 為。接著應用破壞力學中之 Paris' 定理來計算轉子系統因裂縫存在而損 失之能量,亦即整個轉子系統之能量變化。而後再配合 Lagrange's 之運 動方程式轉化成為F.E.M.型式之運動方程式,然後再融入一般轉子系 統之F.E.M.運動方程式中,而得到一含裂縫轉子系統之F.E.M.運動 方程式。最後從解析此運動方程式之振動行為來探討分析各項裂縫參數( 位置、大小、角度、數目....)所引發之「異常反應」,來歸納研判,獲 取裂縫是否存在之證據。

並列摘要


Undetected cracking of rotating shafts can lead to catastrophic failure of turbomachinery. Various crack detection means are proposed. Among them, vibration monitoring seems a promising means of detecting crack initiation and growth, by using abnormal vibration signals during the operation of cracked shafts. This study investigated the dynamic responses of rotor- bearing systems containing transverse cracks with finite element approach. The brea- thing effect of transverse cracks was analyzed and different crack models were proposed for system simulation at different shaft spinning speeds. Paris' theorem was used to calculated the strain energy released due to the existence of cracks. Then, finite element for shaft port- ions containing cracks was formulated and incorporated into the system matrix of the rotor-bearing system.

並列關鍵字

Rotordynamics vibration monitoring Crack

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