在物流中心的內部作業中,揀貨作業就像人體心臟一樣的核心作業。如果能夠縮短此作業時間,將對於提昇整個物流中心的作業效率很有幫助。而物流中心人工揀貨區之訂單揀取作業是一項重要且繁雜的工作,若妥善地規劃將可以降低物流中心的營運成本。因此,本研究在三種倉儲環境下,利用批次訂單分別和二種路徑規劃策略(穿越策略和最大間隙策略)來決定初始之揀貨旅行距離。為了決定較佳之揀貨策略,本研究則使用模擬退火法來針對初始解做出改善,找尋揀貨路徑之最佳解。最後,本研究使用SPSS統計軟體針對不同的倉儲型態,不同的初始建構搭配不同的距離演算法以及不同的載重單位限制時,對於物流中心人工揀貨區之揀貨作業規劃求解的影響分析。分析結果顯示,不同之初始解建構與不同倉儲型態對於揀取距離無顯著性的差異,其中在不同倉儲型態中以正型倉儲之揀貨路徑為最短。而不同之距離演算與不同之載重限制對於本研究之揀取路徑距離上均有顯著性的影響,其中距離演算法以最大間隙法所得的求解效果較佳,而載重限制則以80單位之揀貨距離為最短。
Order picking is the core work in distribution center (DC) that behaves like the heart of the human. If we can reduce the operation time, it will increase the efficiency of the DC. Then, order picking policies play an important role in DC and the better planning can also reduce operation cost. Thus, this study integrated the order batching and two kinds of route planning method (Traversal Strategy and Largest Gap Strategy) to determine the initial solution in three kinds of warehouse configuration. In order to make optimal order picking decisions, we used simulated annealing (SA) to improve the initial solution and then try to find the optimum solution. Finally, we use SPSS statistical software to analyze how importance influence of the order picking distance in the different route planning problems or in the different warehouse design or in the different load limit. The results show that the factors of the exchange method are significant in solution efficiency and quality except that exchange the initial route planning method and load limit. We also found that the square warehouse has the shortest order picking distance, and the largest gap strategy had better performance in these simulation test problems, and when the load limit is 80 units that easy to find the shortest distance.