AHP法於失效模式與效應分析之應用－以LCD個案公司為例

The Application of AHP Method in The Improvement of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis－A case study in LCD manufacturing company.

曾增玖(Tseng-Chiu Tseng)

指導教授 ： 陳雲岫

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2008.00124

摘要

失效模式與效應分析(Failure Mode & Effects Analysis；FMEA)是一種可以確定由於設計或生產製程的失敗，而造成系統、產品或生產製程中的潛在失效影響模式技術，並確定需要特別控制的關鍵設計特徵或製程參數。它可以協助工程人員在產品開發初期確認設計或製程上潛在的缺陷，及早採取必要的措施，提高產品的可靠度。因此這種方法常被使用在產品設計概念階段或應用於產品或製程的改善。 然而傳統FMEA大都以效用函數來評價失效風險的大小，以作為執行改善的依據。尤其傳統風險優先數(RPN)的評價法，是將嚴重性、發生度及難檢度三個因子由定性或不明確的評價準則分別給予1~10分不同的等級，再將三者相乘而得，常給人不甚客觀之感覺。 本研究嘗試採用層級分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process；AHP)為PFMEA發展施行模式，AHP是一種實用的多準則定量決策方法，首先由專業人員對PFMEA 各個失效模式之嚴重性、發生度及難檢度等評價因子給予等級評估，將定性與定量相結合，將人的主觀判斷用數量形式表達與處理。運用AHP方法論，可計算各層元素與目標之相對重要權重，經由此方法，採用AHP的PFMEA之施行模式，能計算推論出PFMEA指標之排序。 最後本研究以TFT-LCD個案公司為例，透過案例分析確實可看出其為有系統、可量化和客觀的評量工具，可供製程團隊及決策階層考量選擇優先改善方向之依據。

關鍵字

失效模式與效應分析 ； 層級分析法

並列摘要

Failure Mode & Effects Analysis is a procedure or manner for analyzing potential failure modes within a system for the classification by determining the failure’s effect to a system. It may assist the Engr. at the first period. In the product development to confirm the latent flaw of the design or the manufacturing process and to take the essential measures earlier, enhanced and to the product reliability. Therefore, this method is using in the initial stage of product design or improving the product manufacturing process.
However traditional FMEA mostly uses effect function to appraise the expiration risk. It can improve a basis of execution. Particularly the traditional method of RPN is to take the three factors: severity, occurrence and detection to give the certain or unsure evaluation standard 1~10 score into different grade, again three multiply to each other to get the result. It often gives the person a kind of objective feeling.
This investigation tries to use the AHP to develop the mode of execution for PFMEA. AHP is a kind of practical multi-criteria policy. First, the specialist gives the severity, occurrence and detection of each failure mode evaluate factor grade valuation, and combine the qualitative and quantitative together, using the person’s subjective judgment to express the amount form and processing. And using the AHP method to calculate each element and the goal the relatively important part, after using this method, it can calculate the arrangement of the PFMEA target.
Finally, this paper takes the case of the TFT-LCD as an example, it can assist managers to make some kind of the failure modes to carry out improvable plan choice.

並列關鍵字

Failure Mode & Effects Analysis (FMEA) ； Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

參考文獻

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