臺灣地區家用熱泵熱水裝置性能實驗研究

An Experimental Study of Performance of Heat Pump Hot Water Device for Domestic Use in Taiwan Area

李居芳(Chu-Fang Li)

指導教授 ： 林育才

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2008.00153

摘要

本研究將針對臺灣地區各地不同的溫度、濕度氣候型態，在空氣熱源熱泵應用於家用熱泵熱水裝置性能的實驗研究，以熱泵熱水裝置，將室外機置於溫度、濕度模擬室，測得實驗數據，結合冷媒特性圖表，探討在臺灣地區不同季節時，熱泵冷媒系統的性能係數與熱泵效率，並針對其熱泵效率進行研究分析提供設計改善，以能提升整體系統的性能，進而達到更省能的目標。
文中對於室外機置於不同溫度、濕度條件下，相對濕度在45%~90%、乾球溫度15℃~35℃時，COPH 隨著系統高壓壓力、環境乾球溫度升高而呈現逐漸下降趨勢；但於溫度15℃時；相對濕度65%以上室外機盤管表面開始有結霜情形，熱泵效率降低，若於溫度15℃ 相對濕度45%以下，蒸發器不易結霜，可維持一定的COPH。本實驗發現提升溫度雖可增加製熱水的溫度，卻使COPH下降、CR上升，其之間關係會隨環境溫、濕度的變化，經分析而得到不同的最佳運轉的條件；由上述可知，環境溫、濕度的改變會直接影響熱泵製熱的效率，經由本文實驗，使得理論與實際的相關性得到證明，並依據研究結果提出若干建議以供後續研究者參考。

關鍵字

熱泵 ； 性能係數 ； 熱泵效率 ； 結霜

並列摘要

Focusing on the different climatic conditions of the various districts of Taiwan area with different temperature and humidity, the thesis conducted an experimental study of the performance of a heat pump hot water device for domestic use. The outdoor machine of the heat pump hot water device was placed in a room with simulated temperature and humidity. The tested experimental data and the characteristics of coolant were listed in a table. The research investigated the performance coefficient of the heat pump refrigerant system and the heat pump efficiency (HPE) of different seasons in Taiwan area, and provided suggestions of improvement for the system design in order to enhance the overall performance of the system, and further achieve the goal of greater energy-saving effect.
From the experimental data, it was found that when the environmental temperature maintained in the range of 15℃~35℃, and the relative humidity in the range of 45%~90%, the COPH of the heat pump system had a trend of gradual decline with the increase of the pressure of condenser and the environmental dry bulb temperature. When the environmental temperature was 15℃ and the relative humidity was above 65%, the coil of outdoor machine started to frost on the surface, and the corresponding HPE reduced. If the temperature was 15℃ and the humidity was below 45%, the evaporator would not be frosted easily, and could maintain at a certain COPH. As observed from the above, the temperature change of environment would directly influence the COPH of the heat pump. The change of relative humidity influences the frosting of heat exchanger, and thus HPE decreases. The study also found that although temperature lift could increase the temperature of hot water, COPH would fall and CR would rise. The relations among COPH, CR and temperature lift of the heat pump system would change with the environmental temperature and humidity. After analysis, different optimal operation conditions were acquired. As known from the above, the change of environmental temperature and humidity would directly influence the HPE. The experiment of this study proved the correlation between theories and reality. Finally, based on the research results, the study proposed some suggestions as a reference for the researchers who can make subsequent related studies.

並列關鍵字

heat pump ； performance coefficient ； heat pump efficiency ； frost

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