非常態溫度環境對駕駛座安全氣囊的影響及研究

本文研究目的為了解駕駛座安全氣囊（DAB）在不同環境下，是否會有其他不同的展現，研究方法藉由模擬高溫環境（80 ℃）及低溫環境（-30 ℃）下DAB 的展開情形來探討，並以靜態展開實驗分析。實驗的要求為不論在高溫或低溫下，DAB 都必須達到完成展開，且須於規定時間內完成。經由此次實驗發現，高溫環境下展開，駕駛座安全氣囊呈現出完整的圓形且氣壓填充出飽壓感，使氣囊達到完成展開狀態，溫度越高時，駕駛座安全氣囊性能將會有更好的表現。但是在低溫環境下展開，駕駛座安全氣囊無法滿足此次實驗要求。為了證明氣體產生器（Inflator）單品零件品質並不會成為此次試驗的問題因素，還加入了氣體產生器單品壓力曲線圖驗證，量測結果排除了單品製造所產生的問題，而確定為物理特性方面的問題。此次試驗證明，若事故發生在低溫時，可能導致人員無法得到足夠的防護，而解決方式必須使駕駛座安全氣囊搭配特殊的安全帶裝置以符合低溫下的要求。日後要努力的方向是從新開發的氣體產生器著手，使它不須藉著其他搭配裝置即可符合要求。

關鍵字

氣囊；簾幕式安全氣囊；氣囊袋；駕駛座安全氣囊；氣體產生器；模組；乘客座安全氣囊；側邊安全氣囊；靜態展開

並列摘要

This paper aims to understand the performance of the driver air airbag (DAB) through static experimental analysis under different circumstances, which include the high-temperature (80 °C) and low temperature (-30 °C) environments. The requirement of the DAB is that the DAB has to deploy completely within a specified time period under both temperature environments. The results of the experiments show that under the high temperature environment, the DAB shows a compete deployment filled with enough pressure. The higher the temperature, the better performance of the DAB. However, under the low temperature environment, the DAB is unable to meet the test requirement. In order to further understand the reason of the low-temperature failure, the effect of inflator on the experimental results has also been investigated by measuring its pressure-time curve during the experiment. The results show that the failure under the low temperature environment may be due to the physical characteristics of the DAB rather than the possibility of inferior quality of the inflator parts. In order for the driver to receive adequate protection under low temperature circumstances, it is suggested that the DAB should be equipped with a special seat belt to meet the requirement. The future direction of the development of the DAB is to design a new gas generator to meet the low-temperature requirements.