雙薪家庭國小學童父親的父職實踐

Fatherhood Practices of Elementary School Children's Father in Double-income Families

林昭玉(Chao-yu Lin)

指導教授 ： 陳芬苓

元智大學/人文社會學院/社會暨政策科學學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究的主要目的是從家庭中的性別關係來探討現代父職角色，並從性別角色及刻板印象來分析現代雙薪家庭中父親的親職實踐，採半結構式深度訪談蒐集到十四位現代雙薪家庭父親的親職實踐情形，研究後發現一、雙薪家庭中因為父母親的權力不對等，還是存有傳統父職的展現，父親以「養家者」自居，育兒事務由母親處理，對子女情感的表達還是比較含蓄，主張要以「身教」來教導孩子「社會規範」。二、有些父親能夠鬆動或解構傳統父職而參與家務和育兒事務，在思想上已將育兒責任納入父職的內涵之一，在行動上則較缺乏親職實踐，以分擔家務工作為主。三、突破傳統父職實踐因素有：（1）個人成長經驗及補償作用，以分擔家務工作並提升受訪父親和孩子之間的關係；（2）夫妻性別平等意識的提高，提升做家務的能力以增進家庭和諧；（3）父親從育兒中得到正面的回饋，而更加投入育兒的工作。（4）因母親工作的關係及父親工作場合「友善家庭」的氛圍而給予父親們「機會」參與育兒事務。根據此研究發現建議父親們提升對親職角色的覺知及改變傳統性別意識，參與親職教育機構所辦理的親職教育提升父職技巧與信念，增加父職效能感，且社會及制度面必須提供父親們「友善家庭」的政策及呼聲，以促進現代父職的實踐。

關鍵字

父職 ； 父職實踐 ； 雙薪家庭 ； 國小學童

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the modern fatherhood in the double-income families from the perspective of gender roles and stereotypes. Furthermore, from the perspective of gender relations in the family, we will see father's parenting practices in double-income families. In this study, we use semi-structured in-depth interviews to collect fourteen cases of father's parenting practices in modern double-income families. The findings show that: 1. In the double-income families, because of unequal parental authority, traditional fatherhood is still manifest. Father, considering themselves as "breadwinner", leaves most child-care work to the hands of Mother. Father is comparably reserved in the expression of their affection to children. Father believes in the principle of "teaching by example", based on which he teaches children "social norms". 2. Some fathers may breakthrough or de-construct traditional fatherhood so they can go further to take part in the household and childcare work. In Father's mind, they have included the responsibility of child-care into the connotation of fatherhood, yet in Father’s action, they are comparably short of parenting practice in shearing domestic work. 3. There are three factors to breakthrough traditional fatherhood practice: (1) Personal growth experience and compensation, which is applied to share domestic work and improve the relationship between the interviewed fathers and children; (2) Husband and wife gender awareness, which enhance the housework capability and improve family harmony; (3) Father positive feedback from parenting, which may put more investment in childcare work; (4) Due to Mother's work and Father in the workplace, the "family-friendly" atmosphere and give fathers the "opportunity" to participate in parenting work. Accordingly, the findings of this study show that fathers are suggested to increase their parental role awareness and change the traditional gender awareness. And then, participate in parenting educational program in promoting parenting skills and beliefs so the efficiency of fatherhood can increase. In addition, from the perspective of the society and institution, we must provide fathers with "family-friendly "policies and calling to make the practice of modern fatherhood possible.

並列關鍵字

fatherhood ； fatherhood practice ； double-income families ； elementary school children

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