魅力領導風格、影響效果、及情境分析 - 以一家知名的網通公司創辦人為個案

The Style,Effect,and Contextual Factors of Charismatic Leadership: A Case of the Founder of a Famous Internet Enterprise

古清德(Ching-te Ku)

指導教授 ： 黄敏萍

元智大學/管理學院/管理碩士在職專班/碩士(2012年)

摘要

摘 要

領導和管理是高階主管平時工作的一體兩面。管理議題包含了產、銷、人、發、財，五大領域，有各式各樣的工具及理論可供參考，但領導議題可就抽象多了。近二三十年來，領導相關的研究蓬勃發展，但一直無法如管理其它的領域般，發展出具體可套用的公式；探究其根本，實在是因為領導本身包含有藝術的成分在裡面，無法像 1+1=2 這般具體的數學公式直接套用。而領導其中的一個類型：「魅力型領導」，則更是被一股神祕的光暈包圍。本研究以一個知名網通公司的創辦人為個案，深入分析其魅力領導之行為，同時分析此領導風格之利弊得失，希望能透過這一典型魅力領導個案，對此一領導類型的特徵與影響有更深入的瞭解。

本研究以五位和個案主角有長期合作經驗的夥伴及員工為訪談對象，以半結構式的訪談法導引受訪者描述個案主角的領導風格，及對個人及組織所造成的影響；同時也請受訪者談談個案主角這些年來的轉變，創業過程及和夥伴員工的互動模式。希冀本研究除了對領導特質的分析外，能以一個完整的個人，從年青時期到成熟期所發生的轉變，及個案主角個性上的特徵，來瞭解這許多因素在魅力領導的形成中，所造成的影響及因果關係。

本研究的結果大致和主流的魅力領導理論相符。魅力領導具有較高的領導效能，較高的員工滿意度；而員工對領導者的尊敬信任感也相對較高。但本研究也提出了一些先前研究較少提及的觀點，如：
1. 魅力領導的負面效應
2. 夥伴的組成影響了魅力領導者帶領組織的規模
3. 接班人的問題

以上這些問題都可以在本個案研究中得到驗證。本研究雖是單一個案式的研究，但希冀在多重交义比對訪談結果，及深入的分析訪談內容後，透過質化取向的分析步驟，得到一個值得參考的個案研究。也希望讀者能透過一個 「活生生」的個案，深入瞭解魅力型領導的利弊得失，對領導風格能有所助益。

關鍵字

魅力領導 ； 個案研究 ； 質化研究 ； 領導歷程

並列摘要

ABSTRACT

Leadership and Management are two sides of TMT’s routine jobs. Management comprises 5 fields, i.e. production, marketing, human resource, development & research, and finance. There are various tools and research for managers, but leadership is another story. Research for leadership expanded over 2 or 3 decades, however, few tools and formulas in practices like fields of management do. That’s because there are a lot of art-like techniques involved. No way to follow an instruction to reach success like “1+1=2”.

The Charismatic leadership, one kind of leadership, is actually surrounded by a mythic halo. With a case from the founder of a well-known telecom company, the study analyses the behavior of the leader and pro & con of the Charismatic leadership. We hope to investigate characteristics and further effects of this kind of leadership much more through the typical Charismatic leadership case.

The study interviewed 5 subjects that worked with the leader for a long time. As a semi-structured interview, it leads interviewees to talk about behavior style of leadership, and effect to a person or organization. Furthermore, interviewees were also asked to mention personality shift or transformation of the leader over these years, course to start up a company, and interactive model with members/partners. We hope the study draw a complete picture about personality of the leader from youth to maturity, not only an analysis of leadership behavior. Through the whole picture of the leader, then we can conclude some factors, cause and effects that lead to a Charismatic leadership.

The study concluded a result that almost matches the mainstream leadership theory. The Charismatic leadership carries out higher effectiveness and efficiency on leading and more employee satisfaction from the leader. And members pay more respect and trust to the leader. However, the study also issues some points of view that others’ researches did not mention before as follow.
1. The dark side of influence from the Charismatic leadership
2. Scale of organization follows major partners of the charismatic leader.
3. The succession planning issue.

All these issues above will be discussed in the case. Although with a single case, we use a cross-reference technique to compare each interview transcript and a qualitative research approach to analyze context of manuscripts. Finally we hope the study could come out with a valuable result for this kind of leadership. And the “real & live” case can reflect some advantage and disadvantage of the Charismatic leadership as a manager’s reference.

並列關鍵字

Charismatic Leadership ； Case Study ； Qualitative Research ； Leadership Process

參考文獻

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